The Effect of Environment and Temperature on the Fatigue Behavior of Titanium Alloys

Ruppen, J. A.; Hoffmann, C.; Radhakrishnan, V. M.; McEvily, A.J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1736-2_15

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Titanium alloys are renowned for their poor tribological characteristics, their strong adhesion tendency, high wear rates, susceptibility to seizure and galling, and high and unstable coefficient of friction [66][67][68][69][70][71]. Severe material transfer occurs during sliding of titanium alloys against themselves and other alloys 5 , ceramics, or even polymers [72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Tribological Properties Of Plasma-nitrided Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Edrisy¹,

Farokhzadeh²

2016

Plasma Science and Technology - Progress in Physical States and Chemical Reactions

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Titanium alloys are found in many applications where weight saving, strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility are important design priorities. However, their poor tribological behavior is a major drawback, and many surface engineering processes have been developed to enhance wear in titanium alloys such as nitriding. Plasma (ion) nitriding, originally developed for ferrous alloys, has been adopted to address wear concerns in titanium alloys. Plasma nitriding improves the wear resistance of titanium alloys by the formation of a thin surface layer composed of TiN and Ti 2 N titanium nitrides (e.g., compound layer). Nonetheless, plasma nitriding treatments of titanium alloys typically involve high temperatures (700-1100°C) that promote detrimental microstructural changes in titanium substrates, formation of brittle surface layers, and deterioration of mechanical properties especially fatigue strength. This chapter summarizes the previous and ongoing investigations in the field of plasma nitriding of titanium alloys, with particular emphasis on the authors' recent efforts in optimization of the process to achieve tribological improvements while maintaining mechanical properties. The development of low-temperature plasma nitriding treatments for α + β and near-β titanium alloys and further wear improvements by alteration of near-surface microstructure prior to nitriding are also briefly reviewed.

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Section: Tribological Properties Of Plasma-nitrided Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Edrisy¹,

Farokhzadeh²

2016

Plasma Science and Technology - Progress in Physical States and Chemical Reactions

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“…In this case the crack growth is quicker in the rolling direction than perpendicular to it. A few experiments show that temperature (from 93 to 81 3 K) has little influence [6] on crack growth or increases it [16,17].…”

Section: Influence Of the Physico-mechanical Factors On Ccgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Diagrams of Cyclic Crack Growth Resistance of Titanium Alloys

Panasyuk¹,

Ratych²,

Petranyuk³

1994

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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Basic diagrams of the cyclic crack growth resistance of two of the most investigated titanium alloys, namely Ti-6AI-4V and Ti-6A1-6V-2Sn, are presented. Diagrams are plotted for, in-air, distilled water and 3.5% NaCl solution, which are necessary for lifetime calculations of structural elements made of these metals. The dependency of cyclic crack growth resistance on the yield strength is established. It is shown that cyclic crack growth resistance of titanium alloys in corrosive environments is determined not only by the stress-strain state but also by the electrochemical conditions at the corrosion fatigue crack tip, which for aqueous environments can be characterized integrally by the hydrogen index of the environment and the electrode potential of the metal. Therefore, cyclic corrosion crack growth resistance testing should be performed under constant electrochemical conditions at the corrosion fatigue crack tip or these conditions should be taken into account. A new method of plotting the basic cyclic corrosion crack growth resistance diagrams of titanium alloys is considered. NOMENCLATURE a, a, = crack length and initial crack length a, = cofficient which takes account of the thickness of the structure a, = coefficient which takes account of extreme electrochemical conditions at the crack tip B,, =basic thickness of a specimen C = coefficient of the fatigue crack growth rate equation C, =characteristics of cyclic crack growth resistance of an alloy El =electrode potential of metal at the crack tip v = frequency of loading cycles K = stress intensity factor A, B = parameters B,,, = maximum specimen thickness that corresponds to plane strain conditions KL, K,,, = initial value and maximum value of K AK = range of K 4, = critical K value under plane strain conditions Klh =threshold K value at which a long fatigue crack does not grow K, = characteristic of fatigue crack growth resistance of the material at the growth rate of lo-' m/cycle n = exponent of the fatigue crack growth rate equation N = number of loading cycles pH =hydrogen index of environment pH, = pH value in a chamber pH, = pH value at the crack tip pH,,,,, = minimum pH, value for a stationary statically loaded crack pH,, m,n = minimum pH, value for a cyclically propagating crack R = stress ratio T = environment temperature cry. = yield strength da/dN = fatigue crack growth rate in an inert environment (dn/dN), =value of da/dN in a corrosive environment (daldN), =value of (da/dN), on the basic cyclic corrosion crack growth resistance diagram of a material (da/dN), = value of (da/dN), for a basic specimen 25 26 V. V. PANASVUK et al.

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“…It is favorable for the grain direction of crack initiation, and the loading direction is 15 °-40 °. Besides the high-cycle fatigue or ultra-high-cycle fatigue, internal cracking also has the typical characteristics of good surface quality and residual compressive stress field [10][11][12][13]. Titanium alloys' residual stress and microstructure evolution caused by turning, shot peening, laser shot peening, and deep rolling have been widely studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Research of the High-Cycle Fatigue Fracture Mode Based on Stress Ratio and Residual Stress of Ti-6Al-4V

Wang

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The content of titanium is about 0.63% in the earth’s crust, and it ranks 10th among all elements. The content of titanium is next to the metal elements of aluminum, iron and magnesium, iron, and magnesium; titanium alloys have low density, high specific strength (the ratio of tensile strength to density), wide working range (−253°C–600°C), and excellent corrosion resistance melting point; the chemical activity of titanium alloy is very high, and it easily reacts with hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, so it is difficult to be smelted and processed, and the processing cost is high. Titanium alloys also have poor thermal conductivity (only 1/5 of iron and 1/15 of aluminum), small deformation coefficient, large friction coefficient, and other characteristics. They are widely used in aircraft fuselage, gas turbine, petrochemical, automotive industry, medical, and other fields for important parts.

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The Effect of Environment and Temperature on the Fatigue Behavior of Titanium Alloys

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Plasma Nitriding of Titanium Alloys

Basic Diagrams of Cyclic Crack Growth Resistance of Titanium Alloys

Analysis and Research of the High-Cycle Fatigue Fracture Mode Based on Stress Ratio and Residual Stress of Ti-6Al-4V

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