The Effect of Emission from Coal Combustion in Nonindustrial Sources on Deposition of Sulfur and Oxidized Nitrogen in Poland

Abstract

Poland has one of the largest sulfur and nitrogen emissions in Europe. This is mainly because coal is a main fuel in industrial and nonindustrial combustion. The aim of this paper is to assess the amount of sulfur and nitrogen deposited from SNAP sector 02 (nonindustrial sources) coal combustion. To assess this issue, the Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multipollutant Exchange (FRAME) model was used. The results suggest that industrial combustion has the largest impact on deposition of oxidized sulfur, whereas the oxidized nitrogen national deposition budget is dominated by transboundary transport. The total mass of pollutants deposited in Poland, originating from nonindustrial coal combustion, is 45 Gg of sulfur and 2.5 Gg of nitrogen, which is over 18% of oxidized sulfur and nearly 2% of oxidized nitrogen deposited. SNAP 02 is responsible for up to 80% of dry-deposited sulfur and 11% of nitrogen. The contribution to wet deposition is largest in central Poland in the case of sulfur and in some areas can exceed 11%. For oxidized nitrogen, nonindustrial emissions contribute less than 1% over the whole area of Poland. The switch from coal to gas fuel in this sector will result in benefits in sulfur and nitrogen deposition reduction.

The role of annual circulation and precipitation on national scale deposition of atmospheric sulphur and nitrogen compounds

“…Poland can be found in Kryza et al (2010). FRAME is a Lagrangian model which describes 104 the main atmospheric processes in a column of air moving along straight-line trajectories 105 following specified wind directions.…”

The Impact of Precipitation on Wet Deposition of Sulphur and Nitrogen Compounds

“…Large overestimations of the observed wet deposition values are calculated for Kasprowy Wierch (Tatra Mts) for all chemical species. This was previously linked with the seeder-feeder effect parameterization applied [20]. There is no general tendency of the model for over or underestimation of the observed wet deposition, with the MB statistic close to zero for all chemical species considered.…”

“…Data from the remaining sources was derived from the national emission inventory [19] using the methodology proposed by Kryza et al [20]. Total emissions of oxidized sulphur, oxidized nitrogen and reduced nitrogen in 2005 were 661, 357 and 346 Gg, respectively.…”

Calculation of Sulphur and Nitrogen Deposition with the Frame Model and Assessment of the Exceedance of Critical Loads in Poland

“…A detailed description of the model and its application for the United Kingdom, where the model is used to support decisions on control of pollutant emission, is provided by works [9][10][11][12]. The details of the model configuration for Poland are provided by Kryza et al [13,14].…”