The effect of electrolytically evolved gas bubbles on the thickness of the diffusion layer—II

Janssen, Ljj Jos; Hoogland, J.G.

doi:10.1016/0013-4686(73)85016-9

Cited by 124 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The increase in the HOR limiting current density as a function of the current density is in qualitative agreement with published experimental results [16]. The behavior of the gas volume fraction in our simulations also agrees well with experiments on the bubble coverage of electrodes, although our simulated gas volume fractions are smaller than those observed experimentally at the same current density [24].…”

Section: Gas Volume Fraction and Diffusion Layer Thicknesssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…When H 2 is generated, these nanobubbles (diameter ≈ 440 nm [14]) act as the nucleation centers for the growth of bubbles [15]. Moreover, it has been observed that increasing the amount of gas bubbles in liquid electrolyte may enhance mass transport, i.e., reduce the thickness of the diffusion layer [16]. Therefore, it is important for a detailed description of mass transport to consider both hydrated molecules and gas, as well as the dissolvation kinetics of H 2 between the liquid and gaseous phases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Practical simulations often use the diffusion layer approximation because of its simplicity and relatively good accuracy when its thickness is sized correctly. However, with gas bubbles the mass transport of H 2 varies with the current density [16], and therefore the diffusion layer thickness would also need to be adjusted. Several models for the effect of the bubbles on mass transport exist, but they may be quite elaborate [17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-phase model of hydrogen transport to optimize nanoparticle catalyst loading for hydrogen evolution reaction

Kemppainen

Halme

Hansen

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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2016). Two-phase model of hydrogen transport to optimize nanoparticle catalyst loading for hydrogen evolution reaction. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41, 7568-7581. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015 Two-phase model of hydrogen transport to optimize nanoparticle catalyst loading for hydrogen evolution reaction With electrocatalysts it is important to be able to distinguish between the effects of mass transport and reaction kinetics on the performance of the catalyst. When the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is considered, an additional and often neglected detail of mass transport in liquid is the evolution and transport of gaseous H 2 , since HER leads to the continuous formation of H 2 bubbles near the electrode.We present a numerical model that includes the transport of both gaseous and dissolved H 2 , as well as mass exchange between them, and combine it with a kinetic model of HER at platinum (Pt) nanoparticle electrodes. We study the effect of the diffusion layer thickness and H 2 dissolution rate constant on the importance of gaseous transport, and the effect of equilibrium hydrogen coverage and Pt loading on the kinetic and mass transport overpotentials. Gaseous transport becomes significant when the gas volume fraction is sufficiently high to facilitate H 2 transfer to bubbles within a distance shorter than the diffusion layer thickness. At current densities below about 40 mA/cm 2 the model reduces to an analytical approximation that has characteristics similar to the diffusion of H 2 . At higher current densities the increase in the gas volume fraction makes the H 2 surface concentration nonlinear with respect to the current density. Compared to the typical diffusion layer model, our model is an extension that allows more detailed studies of reaction kinetics and mass transport in the electrolyte and the effects of gas bubbles on them.

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Section: Gas Volume Fraction and Diffusion Layer Thicknesssupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-phase model of hydrogen transport to optimize nanoparticle catalyst loading for hydrogen evolution reaction

Kemppainen

Halme

Hansen

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…The redox couple Fe(CN)z-/Fe(CN)zis very useful in determining the mass transfer coefficient ki for the hydrogen-evolving electrode at iH > 'v 0mAcm-2 as well as for the oxygen-evolving electrode at io z = 10mAcm-z [13], since under these conditions the concentration of the indicator ion at the surface of the gas-evolving electrode is practically zero.…”

Section: Mass Transfer Coejicientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of mass transfer of indicator ions to an oxygen-evolving and a hydrogen-evolving electrode in alkaline solution

Janssen¹,

Barendrecht²

1985

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The rate of mass transfer due to electrolyte flow caused by ascending bubbles can be obtained with the hydrodynamic model [4] and [6]. The rate of mass transfer according to the hydrodynamic model is characterized by the mass transfer coefficient kh or by the thickness 6h of the Nernst diffusion layer 6h = DJkh.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubble behaviour on and mass transfer to an oxygen-evolving transparent nickel electrode in alkaline solution

Janssen

Stralen

1981

Electrochimica Acta

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Abstraet--A theoretical description is given of a new model for mass transfer at gas-evolving electrodes where bubbles coalesce frequently. To check this model, both the thickness of Nernst diffusion layer and the bubble behaviour were determined for an oxygen-evolving transparent nickel electrode in KOH solutions under various electrolytic conditions. This electrode behaves like a gas-evolving electrode where bubbles coalesce frequently. It has been found that the mass transfer can be well described with the new model. Moreover, interesting results have been obtained on the degree of screening of electrode surface by adhered bubbles and the gas void fraction in a solution layer at the gas-evolving electrode.

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The effect of electrolytically evolved gas bubbles on the thickness of the diffusion layer—II

Cited by 124 publications

References 7 publications

Two-phase model of hydrogen transport to optimize nanoparticle catalyst loading for hydrogen evolution reaction

Two-phase model of hydrogen transport to optimize nanoparticle catalyst loading for hydrogen evolution reaction

Mechanism of mass transfer of indicator ions to an oxygen-evolving and a hydrogen-evolving electrode in alkaline solution

Bubble behaviour on and mass transfer to an oxygen-evolving transparent nickel electrode in alkaline solution

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