The effect of egg versus seston quality on hatching success, naupliar metabolism and survival of Calanus finmarchicus in mesocosms dominated by Phaeocystis and diatoms

Bioactive Compounds Offered in Microcapsules to Determine the Nutritional Value of Copepods’ Natural Diet

“…Limitation of zooplankton egg production by PUFA has been observed in bays [8,12], fjords [14,20], shelf seas [13], and in lakes [9,10,11]. By contrast, our study suggests that in up-welling systems such limitation of egg production may play a minor role, since the seston is generally rich in ω3-HUFA, especially EPA and DHA.…”

“…Limitations by biochemicals for zooplankton in nature are evidenced indirectly for essential amino acids via homeostatic consideration [6,7], or for ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) through experiments measuring growth and egg production related to specific fatty acids of the sestonic food [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Although responses in hatching can also be connected to the presence of certain PUFA, especially DHA [16], the DHA/EPA ratio [13], ALA, EPA and DHA [17], or LIN and ARA [18], there is debate over whether polyunsaturated aldehydes detrimentally effect egg hatching in copepods [1,19,20]. In any case, by applying potential limiting biochemicals major differences in food quality for zooplankton can be explained [18,21,22].…”

Non-volatile oxylipins can render some diatom blooms more toxic for copepod reproduction

“…Several studies have failed to correlate diatom abundance with copepod reproductive failure (Irigoien et al, 2002(Irigoien et al, , 2005Koski, 2007) whereas other studies have reported a strong correlation (Ask et al, 2006;Halsband-Lenk et al, 2005;Horner et al, 2005;Ianora et al, 2004;Leising et al, 2005aLeising et al, , 2005bMiralto et al, 1999;Pierson et al, 2005;Vargas et al, 2006). Several field (Jó nasdó ttir et al, 2011;Poulet et al, 2006;Wichard et al, 2008) and mesocosm investigations (Carsten et al, 2012;Gerecht et al, 2013;Koski et al, 2012;Vidoudez et al, 2011b) have also failed to correlate the quantity of PUAs produced with copepod egg production and/or hatching success. These contradictory results may reflect speciesspecific or strain-to-strain (Gerecht et al, 2011) differences in the production of PUAs, clone variability in production levels during the course of a bloom (Taylor et al, 2009) or in different years (Gerecht et al, 2011), unbalanced physiology due, for example, to nutrient-limited growth (Ribalet et al, 2009) or to the capability of some predators to detoxify these compounds or to activate defense systems against them (Lauritano et al, 2011(Lauritano et al, , 2012.…”

Plankton composition and biomass development: a seasonal study of a semi-intensive outdoor system for rearing of turbot

“…grew well in PC2 and PC3 where N was low, similar to the observations by Hauss et al (2012), in on-board microcosm incubation treatments without N. This points to inorganic nutrient stoichiometry and speciesdependent nitrogen affinity among diatoms as a governor in shaping phytoplankton species composition in the rearing systems. Such nutrient stoichiometry-driven species evolution may also explain the shift from the NO À 3 using S. marinoi that is reported as high-quality food for copepod production (J onasdottir et al 2011;Koski et al 2012) towards, for example, Dactyliosolen sp. of less known food quality.…”

“…Nutrients additions of N and Si will stimulate the growth of diatoms such as Skeletonema marinoi that are important food to copepods (J onasdottir et al 2011;Koski et al 2012). …”