The Effect of Dwarfing Interstocks on Vegetative Growth, Fruit Quality and Ionome Nutrition of ‘Fuji’ Apple Cultivar ‘Tianhong 2’—A One-Year Study

Li, Shuang; Zhang, Yanghong; Chen, Haowei; Li, Boyang; Liang, Bowen; Xu, Jin

doi:10.3390/plants12112158

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Numerous dwarf lines of Malus have been discovered [10,43,44], and widely accepted standards for evaluating dwarfing rootstocks have been established [38,45]. Additionally, some studies have attempted to explain the mechanism of occurrence of dwarf phenotypes from various perspectives, including the role of phytohormones and nutrient metabolism [46,47]. In this study, the Dwf mutant exhibited phenotypic changes in various organs (Figures 1 and 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A New Function of MbIAA19 Identified to Modulate Malus Plants Dwarfing Growth

Wang,

Xue,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Plants

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The primary determinants of apple (Malus) tree architecture include plant height and internode length, which are the significant criteria for evaluating apple dwarf rootstocks. Plant height and internode length are predominantly governed by phytohormones. In this study, we aimed to assess the mechanisms underlying dwarfism in a mutant of Malus baccata. M. baccata dwarf mutant (Dwf) was previously obtained through natural mutation. It has considerably reduced plant height and internode length. A comparative transcriptome analysis of wild-type (WT) and Dwf mutant was performed to identify and annotate the differentially expressed genes responsible for the Dwf phenotype using RNA-seq and GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Multiple DEGs involved in hormone signaling pathways, particularly auxin signaling pathways, were identified. Moreover, the levels of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were lower in Dwf mutant than in WT. The Aux/IAA transcription factor gene MbIAA19 was downregulated in Dwf mutant due to a single nucleotide sequence change in its promoter. Genetic transformation assay demonstrated strong association between MbIAA19 and the dwarf phenotype. RNAi-IAA19 lines clearly exhibited reduced plant height, internode length, and endogenous IAA levels. Our study revealed that MbIAA19 plays a role in the regulation of dwarfism and endogenous IAA levels in M. baccata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A New Function of MbIAA19 Identified to Modulate Malus Plants Dwarfing Growth

Wang,

Xue,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Fruit vitamin C (Vc) content was determined by using the 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol titration method [28]. Fruit hardness was assessed by using a GY-1 hardness tester [29]. Ten replicates were used for determining these variables.…”

Section: Determination Of Fruit Quality Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic Substitution on the Yield and Quality of Apples and Residual Nitrate-N Leaching in Soil

Li,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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The substitution of chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer with organic fertilizer (organic substitution, OS) is increasingly applied in crop production, due to its environmentally friendly characteristics, low price, and high crop and soil improvement efficacies. Here, we studied the effects of chemical N fertilizer with organic fertilizer treatment at different proportions (no organic substitution (NOS), 20% (OS-20), 40% (OS-40), 60% (OS-60), 100% (OS-100), and 200% (OS-200, double the organic fertilizer application amount of OS-100) on the yield and quality of apples in the Shanxi Province of China. The results revealed that, compared to the NOS, the total apple yields of OS treatments, especially the OS-60 and OS-100 treatments, decreased. However, all OS treatments, except OS-200, increased the yield of large-sized fruits (transverse diameter ≥ 85 mm) and the mean mass of apple fruits, and significantly decreased yield of small-sized fruits (transverse diameter < 75 mm). All OS treatments, especially OS-40, promoted the total sugar and vitamin C (Vc) contents and fruit hardness of apples, and OS-40, OS-60, and OS-200 resulted in significantly decreased titratable acid contents in apples. The influence of organic substitutions on soil quality was further investigated in a two-year field experiment. The results showed that the influence of organic substitution on soil chemical properties differed between the two years. Notably, 40% OS increased the soil organic carbon (SOC) content and the C/N ratio in the upper 20 cm of the soil in both years. Additionally, OS treatments reduced the residual nitrate (NO3−)-N (RN) content in deep soil layers, suggesting that OS has the potential to alleviate N leaching. Moreover, redundancy analysis (RDA) of the soil, fruit yield, and fruit quality parameters revealed that the SOC content in the 0–20 cm soil layer and the RN content in the 0–100 cm soil layer had the greatest impact on the fruit quality and yield variables, respectively. This study showed that the proper substitution (40%) of chemical N fertilizer with organic fertilizer could improve the yield of large-sized fruits, the mean mass and fruit quality of apples, and soil chemical properties. Our study will provide a basis for rational organic substitution in apple orchards.

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Target Detection for Coloring and Ripening Potted Dwarf Apple Fruits Based on Improved YOLOv7-RSES

Ma,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Dwarf apple is one of the most important forms of garden economy, which has become a new engine for rural revitalization. The effective detection of coloring and ripening apples in complex environments is important for the sustainable development of smart agricultural operations. Addressing the issues of low detection efficiency in the greenhouse and the challenges associated with deploying complex target detection algorithms on low-cost equipment, we propose an enhanced lightweight model rooted in YOLOv7. Firstly, we enhance the model training performance by incorporating the Squeeze-and-Excite attention mechanism, which can enhance feature extraction capability. Then, an SCYLLA-IoU (SIoU) loss function is introduced to improve the ability of extracting occluded objects in complex environments. Finally, the model was simplified by introducing depthwise separable convolution and adding a ghost module after up-sampling layers. The improved YOLOv7 model has the highest AP value, which is 10.00%, 5.61%, and 6.00% higher compared to YOLOv5, YOLOv7, and YOLOX, respectively. The improved YOLOv7 model has an MAP value of 95.65%, which provides higher apple detection accuracy compared to other detection models and is suitable for potted dwarf anvil apple identification and detection.

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The Effect of Dwarfing Interstocks on Vegetative Growth, Fruit Quality and Ionome Nutrition of ‘Fuji’ Apple Cultivar ‘Tianhong 2’—A One-Year Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

A New Function of MbIAA19 Identified to Modulate Malus Plants Dwarfing Growth

A New Function of MbIAA19 Identified to Modulate Malus Plants Dwarfing Growth

Effects of Organic Substitution on the Yield and Quality of Apples and Residual Nitrate-N Leaching in Soil

Target Detection for Coloring and Ripening Potted Dwarf Apple Fruits Based on Improved YOLOv7-RSES

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