The effect of dietary methyl branched-chain fatty acids on aspects of hepatic lipid metabolism in the rat

Abstract

1. Rats were fed to appetite on a stock laboratory diet or on diets consisting of the stock diet and in addition 50 or 200 g triolein/kg, 50 g palmitic acid/kg or 50 g/kg of a concentrate mixture of methyl branched-chain fatty acids (Me-BCFA) which had been prepared from sheep adipose triacylglycerols.2. No differences could be detected in the APdesaturase activity or fatty acid synthetase activity of liver preparations from rats which had been fed on either the stock diet, the 50 g palmitic acid/kg or the 50 and 200 g triolein/kg diet; the palmitic acid diet was therefore taken as the control diet in subsequent experiments.3. Rats consuming the 50 g Me-BCFA/kg diet exhibited a marked reduction in the capacity of their liver microsomes for A9-desaturation when compared with animals receiving the control diet. The A6-desaturase activity also showed an inhibitory trend with the Me-BCFA diet.4. Microsomal w-oxidation of fatty acids, mitochondria1 succinate oxidation and the activity of cytosolic fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were unaffected by the ingestion of the Me-BCFA mixture compared with the diet which included palmitic acid. 5.There were no differences in the plasma concentrations of thyroxin, insulin and glucagon between animals fed on the diets containing palmitic acid or the Me-BCFA.6. For a given concentration of fatty acids the Me-BCFA had a greater inhibitory effect when added to incubations of liver microsomes from rats fed on the standard diet than did the addition of palmitic acid.7. The observations in vivo and in vitro strongly suggested that the Me-BCFA were having a specific inhibitory effect on the desaturation reaction.

A comprehensive study of serum odd‐ and branched‐chain fatty acids in patients with excess weight

“…According to these authors, enhanced accumulation of BCFAs in mice liver was associated with decreased steatosis. Finally, the role of SCD1 in the BCFA‐mediated inhibition of TG synthesis in the liver is supported by the results of a groundbreaking research conducted by Wahle and Hare . These authors observed a 50% decrease in the liver activity of SCD1 in rats fed with a BCFA‐rich diet.…”

Comprehensive functional core microbiome comparison in genetically obese and lean hosts under the same environment

“…Several studies noticed lower levels of BCFAs in the serum of excess-weight individuals than in the serum of lean 89 , 90 , and this parameter increased linearly with individual’s weight loss 86 . It is hypothesized that BCFAs are negatively associated with obesity because they inhibit the liver synthesis of triglycerides 89 , 91 . Enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase ( pccA ) and MUT play a key role in the synthesis of propionate, another inhibitor of de novo liver lipogenesis 92 .…”

Slc25a17 Gene Trapped Mice: PMP34 Plays a Role in the Peroxisomal Degradation of Phytanic and Pristanic Acid

“…Perhaps the elevated intraperoxisomal acyl-CoA esters compete with the retroconversion steps. Alternatively, the effect is secondary to the massive accumulation of phytanic/pristanic acid (or their CoAesters), given that methylbranched fatty acids have been reported to interfere with fatty acid desaturation (Wahle and Hare, 1982).…”