The effect of dietary fat on fatty acid composition, gene expression and vitamin status in pre-ruminant calves

Tsai, Chia-Yu; Rezamand, Pedram; Loucks, W.I.; Scholte, C. M.; Doumit, M. E.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.05.004

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…With respect to FA supplementation in dairy calves' diet, some reports indicated lower starter intake in calves received soy oil supplementation during preweaning period (Ghorbani et al, 2020; Hill et al, 2015). The oxidation of FA in the liver (Allen et al, 2009), inflammatory effect of some individual FA (Tsai et al 2017), and ruminal interfering with nutrient digestion (Ikwuegbu and Sutton, 1982) are presented as reasons related to negative impact of FA on feed intake. Mechanisms are mostly related to ruminal un‐protected fat sources such as soy oil having negative impacts on ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis (Hill et al, 2015; Yousefinejad et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of linseed oil supplementation in Holstein dairy calves received starters based on either corn or barley grain on growth performance and immune response

Momeni‐Pooya

Kazemi-Bonchenari

Mirzaei

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study evaluated the effects of linseed oil (LO) and two-grain sources on growth performance, microbial protein yield (MPY), blood metabolites, and inflammatory markers in Holstein dairy calves. Forty-eight 3-day-old dairy calves (24 males and 24 females) with starting BW of 40.3 ± 1.6 kg were allocated in a completely randomised block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement as follows; (1) Corn grain (CG) with no LO supplementation (CG-NLO), (2) CG with 2.5% LO supplementation (CG-LO), (3) Barley grain (BG) with no LO supplementation (BG-NLO), and (4) BG with 2.5% LO supplementation (BG-LO). The calves were weaned on d 59 but the study lasted for 14 days after weaning (Day 73 of experiment). The results showed that starter feed intake was influenced neither by grain source nor linseed oil. However, average daily gain, BW, hip height, and MPY were improved in calves received BG compared to CG diets. Linseed oil supplementation had no significant effects on growth performance and MPY. During preweaning period, calves fed BG-LO had the greatest feed efficiency and the highest wither height.However, the greatest tumour necrosis factor and serum amyloid A were observed in BG-NLO. Despite, LO supplementation did not influence growth performance of animals per se; however, it reduced circulating inflammatory markers in calves during preweaning period. Based on this study condition, BG is more favourable than CG in dairy calves from the daily gain and microbial protein synthesis perspectives, and supplementing the starters with n-3 FA can be strategy to improve immune performance of calves fed barley-based starter diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of linseed oil supplementation in Holstein dairy calves received starters based on either corn or barley grain on growth performance and immune response

Momeni‐Pooya

Kazemi-Bonchenari

Mirzaei

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…All vitamin analyses were conducted by reversed-phase HPLC (Waters e2695 Separation Module, Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) with a photodiode array detector (Waters 2998, Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA), as described by Tsai et al [ 23 ]. To determine serum 13- cis retinoic acid and all- trans retinoic acid concentrations, 400 μL serum samples were mixed with 420 μL of acetonitrile and 20 μL of acetic acid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Combinations of Dietary Vitamin A, Protein Levels, and Monensin on Inflammatory Markers and Metabolites, Retinol-Binding Protein, and Retinoid Status in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Agustinho

Ramsey

Moore

et al. 2021

Animals

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of feeding different combinations of dietary vitamin A supplementation (0 or 110 IU/kg body weight), protein (10.3% or 12.2%), and an ionophore (monensin at 0 or 400 mg/day) on retinoid metabolism and immune function of dairy cows. Eighty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were studied from d −35 to +21 relative to expected parturition in a complete randomized block design with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The significance of treatments was declared at p ≤ 0.05. Dairy cows receiving high crude protein (CP) diets with monensin had a greater retinol-binding protein serum concentration than cows receiving high CP diets without monensin (p = 0.04). Animals supplemented with vitamin A showed lower SCC (p = 0.04) and a higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration (p = 0.06) than cows non-supplemented. Moreover, cows receiving low crude protein diets had a greater haptoglobin concentration (p = 0.01). In addition, cows fed a high crude protein diet had a greater TNF-α expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p = 0.04). Animals fed diets without monensin had a greater serum haptoglobin on day 3 postpartum than those fed monensin (p = 0.01). Moreover, dietary vitamin A increased serum 13-cis retinoic acid postpartum. We conclude that vitamin A, crude protein levels, and monensin fed during the close-up period affect milk somatic cell count, some vitamin statuses, and inflammatory markers during early lactation.

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“…The saponification of the milk samples was performed using 500 μl of 1% pyrogallic acid and 500 μl of 50% KOH, and extracted using petroleum ether (Indyk, 1988). After one-min vortexing and centrifugation at 1000 × g for 3 min, the organic layer in both sample types was transferred to another tube, dried by gentle nitrogen stream, and reconstituted in mobile phase (78.2% acetonitrile, 13.0% dichloromethane, 8.7% methanol and 0.1% n-butanol) for determination of α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and retinol (Tsai et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipids were extracted from the milk samples from the first experiment. The lipid extraction was done by chloroform: methanol (2 : 1) as previously described (Tsai et al ., 2017). Briefly, the total lipids in milk were processed with sodium methoxide for methylation (Christie, 1982).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 2,4-thiazolidinedione (TZD) on milk fatty acid profile and serum vitamins in dairy goats challenged with intramammary infusion of Streptococcus uberis

Tsai

Rosa

Bionaz

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Research

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The study included two experiments. In the first, 24 lactating Saanen dairy goats received low-energy diet without vitamin supplements. Twelve goats received a daily IV injection of 2,4- thiazolidinedione (TZD), others received saline injection. A week later, 6 goats from each treatment were challenged with intramammary infusion (IMI) of saline (CTRL) or Streptococcus uberis. In the second experiment, 12 Saanen lactating dairy goats received supplemental vitamins to reach NRC recommendation level. Six goats in each group were injected with TZD or saline daily, and 14 d later received Streptococcus uberis IMI in the right half of the udder. The hypotheses were (1) TZD does not affect the level of retinol in blood, and (2) the fatty acid profile is affected by the interaction between mammary infection and TZD in dairy goats. In the first experiment blood samples were collected on d −7, −2, 1, 2, 12 and milk samples were collected on d −8, 1, 4, 7, and 12, both relative to IMI. In the second experiment, blood samples were collected on d −15, 0, 1, and 10 relative to IMI. Milk and serum samples were analyzed for retinol, α-tocopherol and fatty acid profile. Serum retinol and β-carotene concentrations were higher in the second experiment compared to the first. Serum β-carotene and α-tocopherol were greater in TZD than CTRL and there was a TZD × time interaction in the first experiment. In addition, the TZD × time interaction showed that the milk fatty acid were reduced in C16 : 0 while C18 : 3 n3 while total omega 3 fatty acids were increased, as well as with minor effect on preventing a transient increase in α-tocopherol in milk. Overall, the TZD may affect the lipid-soluble vitamins and fatty acid profile, potentially altering immune responses, during mastitis in dairy goats.

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The effect of dietary fat on fatty acid composition, gene expression and vitamin status in pre-ruminant calves

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of linseed oil supplementation in Holstein dairy calves received starters based on either corn or barley grain on growth performance and immune response

Effects of linseed oil supplementation in Holstein dairy calves received starters based on either corn or barley grain on growth performance and immune response

Effect of Different Combinations of Dietary Vitamin A, Protein Levels, and Monensin on Inflammatory Markers and Metabolites, Retinol-Binding Protein, and Retinoid Status in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Effects of 2,4-thiazolidinedione (TZD) on milk fatty acid profile and serum vitamins in dairy goats challenged with intramammary infusion of Streptococcus uberis

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