The effect of dietary crude protein on growth, ammonia concentration, and litter composition in broilers

Ferguson, N.S.; Gates, Richard S.; Taraba, Joseph L.; Cantor, A. H.; Pescatore, A. J.; Ford, Michael J.; Burnham, D. J.

doi:10.1093/ps/77.10.1481

Cited by 130 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Crude protein was included in the model and an increased nitrogen excretion was related to greater excreta moisture content. This is in line with results reported by Ferguson et al (1998a) and Namroud et al (2008). Elevated dietary protein content (overformulation of diets) or an imbalanced amino acid profile has been identified as a cause of wet litter (Collet, 2006;Namroud et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Hoeven-Hangoor

Paton

Linde

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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High litter moisture content, often referred to as wet litter, is a major problem in poultry production. Wet litter is often related to poor management, diseases, and digestive problems. In this experiment, the objective was to study the relationship between nutrient content and the moisture content of the excreta of broilers. A dataset containing 351 observations was built and contained the nutrient contents data including moisture content of excreta samples collected in 8 different broiler feeding trials. A biological based model approach was used to create a model with 10 and another one with 14 variables that may explain the excreta moisture level response. Subsequently, these models were compared with a statistical model that was built automatically and adjusted only if this improved the biological model. The R 2 of the 10 variable model was 0.54, in which Zn content and the interaction of NDF × K and Ca × P content were negatively associated with excreta moisture. Sodium, P, and Ca content and the interaction between content of NDF × Na were positively associated with excreta moisture. The R 2 of the 14 variable model was 0.58, in which Zn and K content and the interaction of NDF × protein and Ca × P content were negatively associated with excreta moisture, and Na, protein, P, and Ca content and the interactions in contents of NDF × Na, NDF × Zn, and K × Cu were positively associated with excreta moisture content. In conclusion, the models confirmed the effect of Na, protein, P, and Ca on excreta moisture content. Furthermore, hitherto unknown nutrient interactions that contribute to excreta moisture level were identified. As excreta levels of most nutrients can be manipulated by adjusting dietary nutrient levels, dietary formulation can be adjusted with the findings of this analysis to change levels of excreted nutrients and, consequently, also moisture output.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Hoeven-Hangoor

Paton

Linde

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Similar results have been observed by Hussein et al (2001) and Bregendahl et al (2002), i.e., that reported decreased performance of birds fed lowprotein diets. Other studies have also reported that protein levels had no effects on feed intake (Ferguson et al, 1998;Araújo, 2001). Gonzales (2002) stated that the diet intake control is affected not only by the protein content, but also by protein quality, i.e., amino acid balance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Protein levels and environmental temperature effects on carcass characteristics, performance, and nitrogen excretion of broiler chickens from 7 to 21 days of age

Filho

Rosa

Vieira

et al. 2005

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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This trial was conducted to evaluate the utilization of low-protein diets formulated based on the ideal protein concept for broiler chickens from 7 to 21 days of age reared at different environmental temperatures. Nine hundred male Cobb-500 ® chickens were used. At day seven chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized design in a 3 x 3 factorial with four replications of 25 birds each. It was used three crude protein levels in the diet (21.5; 20.0 and 18.5%) and three environmental temperatures (low, thermoneutral and high). The performance, carcass characteristics (yield and chemical composition), and nitrogen ingestion and excretion were assessed. There was no significant interaction among the factors for the evaluated variables. Environmental temperatures affected differently chicken performance. High environmental temperature resulted in lower weight gain and higher wing fat percentage, whereas cold temperature resulted in higher feed conversion. On the other hand, low-protein diets decreased weight gain, breast yield, nitrogen excretion and influenced breast and wings chemical composition. Birds reared at high environmental temperature showed lower nitrogen intake and excretion. The results showed that the decrease in protein levels from 7 to 21 days of age contributed to lower nitrogen excretion in broiler chickens, but impaired performance and carcass characteristics independent of rearing temperature.

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“…A high level of crude protein has a negative effect on the quality of the sawdust, as confirmed by the results of Ferguson et al (1998) which show that content of moisture has increased with increasing protein content in the mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Results of Ferguson et al (1998) indicate that the increase in protein content in the mixtures resulted an increase moisture content in the sawdust, which caused a greater frequency of the lesions on foot pads.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Lighting Period and Diets Density of Broiles on the Appearance of Lesions on the Foot Pads

Veljic¹,

Radonjić²,

Djokic³

2017

AgricultForest

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SUMMARYThe experiment involved 320 chickens of the line Cobb 500, both sexes, a cycle lasted 42 days. The floor area was covered with 10 cm of sawdust.The factors in this experiment were: 1) lighting program (constant light -CL, declining light -DL and then growing light -GL; and 2) density of diets at a constant energy-protein ratio (mixture of lower energy and protein -LEP and mixtures with a higher content of energy and protein -HEP).The chickens were divided into four groups in the form of two-factorial trial randomized block design (2x2) -four repetitions with 20 birds per repetition.Chickens in control group "LE'' were fed with standard starter and grower mixtures. Chickens in ,,HEP'' were fed with standard mixtures with addition of oil and soybean meal.Assessment of damage and the presence of lesions in all experiments were carried out on 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd day of the cycle. Condition of foot pads of all chickens was assessed by three-step method for assessing dermatitis (Tomas et al. 2004). The applied lighting programs and diets density had no effect on the appearance of lesions on the foot pads.

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The effect of dietary crude protein on growth, ammonia concentration, and litter composition in broilers

Cited by 130 publications

References 22 publications

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Protein levels and environmental temperature effects on carcass characteristics, performance, and nitrogen excretion of broiler chickens from 7 to 21 days of age

Effect of Lighting Period and Diets Density of Broiles on the Appearance of Lesions on the Foot Pads

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