The effect of deep cryogenic treatments on the mechanical properties of an AISI H13 steel

Perez, Marcos; Belzunce, F. J.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2014.11.051

Cited by 105 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the transformation of retained austenite to martensite, secondary and fine carbides are formed in the structure, increasing mechanical properties, toughness, and wear resistance. According to Perez [8], quenching and cryogenic treatment generate a high internal stress state due to thermal stresses and the transformation of martensite into austenite. Furthermore, thermal stresses increase the number of structural defects and the carbon-supersaturated martensite becomes unstable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Methods for Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Tool Steels with Post-Tempering Cryogenic Treatment

Sola

Giovanardi

Parigi³

et al. 2017

Metals

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Cryogenic treatments are usually carried out immediately after quenching, but their use can be extended to post tempering in order to improve their fracture toughness. This research paper focuses on the influence of post-tempering cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of tempered AISI M2, AISI D2, and X105CrCoMo18 steels. The aforementioned steels have been analysed after tempering and tempering + cryogenic treatment with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction for residual stress measurements, and micro-and nano-indentation to determine Young's modulus and plasticity factor measurement. Besides the improvement of toughness, a further aim of the present work is the investigation of the pertinence of a novel technique for characterizing the fracture toughness via scratch experiments on cryogenically-treated steels. Results show that the application of post-tempering cryogenic treatment on AISI M2, AISI D2, and X105CrCoMo18 steels induce precipitation of fine and homogeneously dispersed sub-micrometric carbides which do not alter hardness and Young's modulus values, but reduce residual stresses and increase fracture toughness. Finally, scratch test proved to be an alternative simple technique to determine the fracture toughness of cryogenically treated steels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Methods for Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Tool Steels with Post-Tempering Cryogenic Treatment

Sola

Giovanardi

Parigi³

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…Perez et al [8] reported the importance of cryogenic treatments to increase toughness, thermal fatigue resistance, and wear resistance of hot work steel (AISI H13 as example) in order to maximize their lifetime. These benefits are achieved by deep cryogenic treatment because it decreases retained austenite content and it promotes the precipitation of fine carbides uniformly dispersed in martensite matrix, as reported by Sola et al [9] and Gavriliuk et al [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryogenic treatment barely changes the tensile mechanical properties and hardness of tool steel and hot work steel [8,9,[13][14][15]. However, it is worth noting that cryogenic treatment notably improved the fracture toughness of such steels because a fine, homogeneously dispersed carbide precipitation and a tougher martensite matrix are formed (with lower carbon content).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Methods for Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Tool Steels with Post-Tempering Cryogenic Treatment

Sola¹,

Giovanardi²,

Veronesi³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:Cryogenic treatments are usually carried out immediately after quenching, but their use can be extended to post tempering in order to improve their fracture toughness. This research paper focuses on the influence of post-tempering cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of tempered AISI M2, AISI D2, and X105CrCoMo18 steels. The aforementioned steels have been analysed after tempering and tempering + cryogenic treatment with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction for residual stress measurements, and microand nano-indentation to determine Young's modulus and plasticity factor measurement. Besides the improvement of toughness, a further aim of the present work is the investigation of the pertinence of a novel technique for characterizing the fracture toughness via scratch experiments on cryogenically-treated steels. Results show that the application of post-tempering cryogenic treatment on AISI M2, AISI D2, and X105CrCoMo18 steels induce precipitation of fine and homogeneously dispersed sub-micrometric carbides which do not alter hardness and Young's modulus values, but reduce residual stresses and increase fracture toughness. Finally, scratch test proved to be an alternative simple technique to determine the fracture toughness of cryogenically treated steels.

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“…Tool life is a major factor that is considered in production of finished product in manufacturing industry as any improvement in tool life will have a direct impact on the cost of production, tool changing time and maximumproduction target. It has been reported that cryogenic treatment can double the service life of HSS tools, and also increase hardness and toughness simultaneously [3]. Tool steel (carbon and alloy steels) having distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, ability to hold a cutting edge, and resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures, are generally used for cutting tools, punches, and other industrial tooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cold work tool steels are specific for tool bits, dies and other applications where high wear resistance and low cost are required [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic Processing of HSS M2: Mechanical Properties and XRD Analysis

Sharma

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The purpose of this study was to reveal the changes in properties of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) processed high speed steel, in comparison to conventional heat treatment for secondary hardness. Tool properties were assessed in terms of hardness, and tensile strength. Statistically significant enhancement in the mechanical properties was observed. Cryogenic processing of HSS tool steel eliminated the retained austenite, and hence increased the hardness of the material. This treatment initiated nucleation sites for precipitation of large numbers of very fine carbide particles.Tensile values for cryogenically treated HSS samples can be attributed to the fact that the tool becomes more brittle after the treatment. XRD analysis illustrated the contraction in lattice of martensite and austenite. Deep cryogenic treatment practically removed all traces of austenite in the sample. The superior performance of cryogenically treated HSS can be attributed to the transformation of almost all retained austenite into martensite, a harder structure and precipitation of fine and hard carbides.

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The effect of deep cryogenic treatments on the mechanical properties of an AISI H13 steel

Cited by 105 publications

References 20 publications

A Novel Methods for Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Tool Steels with Post-Tempering Cryogenic Treatment

A Novel Methods for Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Tool Steels with Post-Tempering Cryogenic Treatment

A Novel Methods for Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Tool Steels with Post-Tempering Cryogenic Treatment

Cryogenic Processing of HSS M2: Mechanical Properties and XRD Analysis

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