The Effect of Curing Units and Staining Solutions on the Color Stability of Resin Composites

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of two different light curing units and two staining solutions on the color stability of a hybrid composite and a nanohybrid composite after different immersion periods. Thirty disk-shaped specimens (10 mm in diameter, 2-mm thick) were fabricated for each of the resin composites, Clearfil AP-X and Filtek Supreme. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups according to the curing unit used: Group I specimens (n = 15) were cured with a quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) light for 40 seconds, and Group II specimens (n = 15) were cured with a light-emitting diode (LED) unit in standard mode for 40 seconds. The specimens were incubated in 100% humidity at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Then, the baseline color values (L*, a*, b*) of each specimen were measured with a spectrophotometer according to the CIELab color scale. After baseline color measurements, five randomly selected specimens from each group (Groups I and II) were immersed in one of two staining solutions (tea or coffee) or distilled water (control). After 1, 7 and 30 days of immersion, the color values of each specimen were remeasured and the color change value (deltaE*ab) calculated. Color changes caused by immersion in tea and coffee for 30 days were only perceptible in the Clearfil AP-X specimens cured with QTH or LED. In the Filtek Supreme specimens, coffee perceptibly stained the teeth after all immersion periods and tea stained after 30 days. Polymerization with QTH or LED did not cause any significant difference in the color stability of Clearfil AP-X or Filtek Supreme. While there were no significant differences between staining solutions in the Clearfil AP-X specimens cured with LED after one and seven days of storage and one day of storage in the QTH cured specimens, significant differences were observed between water and coffee after seven days of storage. In the Filtek Supreme specimens cured with QTH or LED, there were statistically significant differences between the staining solutions after one and seven days of storage. After 30 days of storage, no significant difference was found between tea and coffee in either resin composite cured with QTH or LED. The effect of the staining solutions (tea, coffee) on color changes in composites was immersion time and resin-material dependent.

Effect of different beverages on the color stability and degree of conversion of nano and microhybrid composites

“…Villalta et al 24) showed that a nanocomposite (Filtek Supreme) underwent a more significant color change than a microhybrid composite (Esthet-X) as a result of staining with coffee or red wine solutions. Yazici et al also reported that the nanocomposites had a higher color change than the microhybrid composites after staining 15) . These results are in agreement with our study, which found that the microhybrid composite resin (AT), which had a greater inorganic volume (77.4%), showed the lowest ΔE values for all tested solutions when compared to the nano composite resin (GN), but this difference was not statistically significant (Table 2).…”

“…Um and Ruyter revealed that discoloration by coffee was due to both adsorption and absorption of colorants. This absorption and penetration of colorants into the organic phase of the materials were probably due to compatibility of the organic phase with the yellow colorants of the coffee 15) . In the present study, color change values for all resin composite restorative materials in cola were less than 3.3 after 60 days.…”

“…Table 2 gives the means and standard deviations (SD) of the color change values (ΔE*) of GB and AT (A 3.5 and A2). The most severe discoloration was apparent with coffee and tea solutions 15) . The discoloration in these cases was significant when compared to the neutral samples stored in distilled water 16,17) .…”

Interaction between staining and degradation of a composite resin in contact with colored foods

“…So far, many studies have extensively reported the harmful effects of coffee, tea, grape juice, yerba mate and cola drinks on dental composites. [8][9][10] More recently, other reseachers 4,[11][12][13] reported the color changes promoted by lemon juice, cherry juice, carrot juice, red wine, snow cone syrup and grape drink. However, there are some other important colored foods that are very common in the patient's diet, such as ketchup and mustard, and yet, the effects of these foods on the color of composites have received little attention.…”

Silica film coating method for veneering resin composite

“…Currently, a veneering resin composite is being used as an esthetic prosthetic material to reproduce the natural tooth crown color. However, due to physico-chemical deterioration, discoloration may occur and replacement may be necessary [1][2][3] . Ceramics have proven to be superior in chemical and color stability and to be adequately biocompatible 4,5) .…”