The Effect of Cr3C2 and TaC Additives on Microstructure, Hardness and Fracture Toughness of WC-6Co Tool Material Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

Siwak, Piotr; Garbiec, Dariusz; Rogalewicz, Michał

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0889

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The Debye temperature has a certain correlation with many physical properties, such as melting point, elastic modulus and specific heat. Generally, the average sound velocity ( m v ) is used to calculate the Debye temperature, according to the given equation [46][47][48][49]:…”

Section: Thermodynamic Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

Sun

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Binary chromium carbides display excellent wear resistance, extreme stiffness and oxidation resistance under high temperature. The influence of applied pressure on electronic structure, elastic behavior, Debye temperature and hardness of Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6 have been investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The results reveal that lattice parameters and formation enthalpy display an inverse relationship with applied pressure, and Cr3C2 exhibited optimal structural stability. Moreover, Cr-C orbital hybridization tends to be stronger due to the decreased partial density of states (PDOS) of the Cr atom. The difference in electronic distribution of binary carbides has also been investigated, which confirmed that overall orbital hybridization and covalent characteristics has been enhanced. The theoretical hardness was elevated according to the higher bond strength and bond density. In accordance with structural stability data, Cr3C2 has shown maximum theoretical hardness. Furthermore, the anisotropic nature of hardness has been evaluated with external pressure. Cr3C2, and the highest isotropic hardness behavior along with an increase in hardness values with increasing pressure has been observed. In addition, the variation in Debye temperatures of binary chromium carbides under applied pressure has also been predicted. The results provide a theoretical insight into electronic, mechanical and thermodynamic behavior of three binary chromium carbides and show the potential of these novel carbides in a wide range of applications.

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Section: Thermodynamic Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

Sun

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…In addition, tantalum carbide (TaC) possesses excellent physical and chemical properties such as high melting point (>3800°C), high hardness (>20 GPa) and excellent chemical stability with Fe-based alloy steels. Hence, TaC can enhance the mechanical properties of composites and be suitable to be used as a ceramic reinforcement [2,9,10]. Furthermore, titanium carbide (TiC) is a harder material than tungsten carbide and thus cemented carbides to which TiC has been added should be more abrasion resistant than a standard WC-Co alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ TEM observation of the microstructure characteristics of the vacuum sintering, sub-zero and heat treatments of Vanadis 23 high-speed steel by adding Cr₃C₂–TaC–TiC powders

Chang

Huang³

2022

Powder Metallurgy

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This research added different ratios of chromium carbides, tantalum carbide, and titanium carbide powders to Vanadis 23 high-speed steel powders. The composite powders utilised vacuum sintering at 1230, 1245, 1260, and 1275°C for 1 h, respectively, and the experimental results show that good mechanical properties were obtained by the addition of 0.6 mass% Cr 3 C 2 -0.2 mass% TaC-0.2 mass% TiC sintered at 1245°C for 1 h. Meanwhile, the apparent porosity was decreased to 0.23%, and the transverse rupture strength and hardness reached 2470.7 MPa and 78.5 HRA, respectively. When optimally sintered Vanadis 23 composites (0.2 T) underwent a series of heat treatments, the transverse rupture strength and hardness values were obviously enhanced to 2693.6 MPa and 84.0 HRA after quenching, and sub-zero and tempering treatments. The EBSD and TEM results confirm that the MC, M 6 C, M 7 C 3 , and M 23 C 6 -type carbides appeared in the 0.2 T specimen after vacuum sintering and sub-zero heat treatments.

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“…The quality of a machined surface is one of the most critical aspects of the properties of machines’ parts [ 33 ]. Additives have an influence on tool wear [ 34 ]. Thus, the machined surface quality is a significant parameter that influences the application of metal matrix composites [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tool Wear and Surface Roughness in Turning of Metal Matrix Composite Built of Al2O3 Sinter Saturated by Aluminum Alloy in Vacuum Condition

2022

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Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a special class of materials carrying combined properties that belongs to alloys and metals according to market demands. Therefore, they are used in different areas of industry, and the properties of this type of material are useful in engineering applications. Machining of such composites is of great importance to finalize the fabrication process with improved part quality. However, the process implies several challenges due to the complexity of the cutting processes and random material structure. The current study aims to examine machinability characteristics. Effects of turning a metal matrix composite built of Al2O3 sinter, saturated with an EN AC-44000 AC-AlSi11 alloy, are presented in this paper. In the present study, a turning process of new metal matrix composites was carried out to determine the state-of-the-art material for various engineering applications. During the turning process, the cutting forces, a tool’s wear, and surface roughness were investigated. Further, the SEM (scanning electron microscope) analysis of cutting inserts was performed. The influence of MMC structure on the machining process and surface roughness was studied. The Al2O3 reinforcements were used in different graininess. Effects of conventional turning of the metal matrix composite with Al2O3 sinter of FEPA (Federation of European Producers of Abrasives) 046 and FEPA 100 grade were compared. Results analysis of these tests showed the necessity of continuing research on turning metal matrix composites built of an AlSi alloy and Al2O3 ceramic reinforcement. The study showed the properties of MMCs that influenced machinability. In this paper, the influence of feed rate’s value on surface roughness was carried out. The significant tool wear during the turning of the MMC was proved.

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The Effect of Cr3C2 and TaC Additives on Microstructure, Hardness and Fracture Toughness of WC-6Co Tool Material Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

In situ TEM observation of the microstructure characteristics of the vacuum sintering, sub-zero and heat treatments of Vanadis 23 high-speed steel by adding Cr₃C₂–TaC–TiC powders

Tool Wear and Surface Roughness in Turning of Metal Matrix Composite Built of Al2O3 Sinter Saturated by Aluminum Alloy in Vacuum Condition

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The Effect of Cr3C2 and TaC Additives on Microstructure, Hardness and Fracture Toughness of WC-6Co Tool Material Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

In situ TEM observation of the microstructure characteristics of the vacuum sintering, sub-zero and heat treatments of Vanadis 23 high-speed steel by adding Cr3C2–TaC–TiC powders

Tool Wear and Surface Roughness in Turning of Metal Matrix Composite Built of Al2O3 Sinter Saturated by Aluminum Alloy in Vacuum Condition

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Product

Resources

About

In situ TEM observation of the microstructure characteristics of the vacuum sintering, sub-zero and heat treatments of Vanadis 23 high-speed steel by adding Cr₃C₂–TaC–TiC powders