The effect of cortisol on the activity of glutamate-pyruvate transaminase and the formation of glycogen and urea in starved rats

Bellamy, D.; Leonard, Ruth A.

doi:10.1042/bj0930331

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to classic knowledge, the adrenalectomy suppresses the urinary excretion of nitrogen (INGLE, 1949). The administration of corticotropin or glucocorticoids increases nitrogen excretion (INGLE, 1949), as well as urea excretion (BELLAMY and LEONARD, 1964). The results of our study indicate that in adrenalectomized rats the decrease of renal urea clearance is associated with an increase of its concentration in blood, indicating a defect on the kidney level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…During various types of exercise, the adrenocortical activity exhibits various changes depending on the intensity and duration of muscular activity (VIRU, 1985). Since glucocorticoids have a strong action on the urea production (ENGEL, 1951;SCHIMKE, 1963) and renal excretion (BELLAMY and LEONARD, 1964), the changes in normal rats were compared with those in adrenalectomized animals.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Renal urea clearance in normal and adrenalectomized rats after exercise.

1989

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In groups of male Wistar rats, blood level, urinary excretion of urea, and renal urea clearance were determined in resting conditions or during 48-60 h after swimming for 30 min with an additional load of 10% of body weight as well as after swimming for 3 or 10 h without additional load. Both types of swimming exercise caused a significant increase in the blood level, urinary excretion, and renal clearance of urea. After 10-h swimming, the increase of renal urea clearance was observed only from the second period (0-12 h) of urine collection. In this type of exercise, an elevation of blood level of corticosterone was obtained after 6-h restitution. The increased urinary excretion and renal urea clearance persisted for a longer time than was necessary for the normalization of the blood level. A significant rise in blood urea level and a drop in renal urea clearance occurred after adrenalectomy. In adrenalectomized rats, increased urea excretion and renal clearance were observed 12-24 h after 3-h swimming, but the level of renal clearance obtained in sedentary normal rats was not achieved. The blood level of urea did not increase. This suggested that the glucocorticoids play a role both in urea formation during exercise and in its elevated renal clearance after exercise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal urea clearance in normal and adrenalectomized rats after exercise.

1989

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“…Retardation of growth is a well recognized effect of corticosteroids both in children and animals (Friedman & Strang, 1966;1969 ;Norman & Sanders, 1969 ;Bellamy, 1964;Hodges & Sadow, 1969). The effect is probably due to negative nitrogen balance (Bellamy & Leonard, 1964) although some workers have implicated inhibition of growth hormone release (Hartog, Gaafar & Fraser, 1964;Frantz & Rabkin, 1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal function in the rat after prolonged treatment with betamethasone

Hodges

Mitchley

1970

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. Betamethasone caused growth retardation, adrenal atrophy and impaired hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity in the rat. 2. In spite of the profound impairment, recovery of normal HPA function was rapid, but the growth retardation persisted.3. The ability of the pituitary gland to secrete basal corticotrophin (ACTH), recovered more rapidly and the adrenocorticotrophic response to stress less rapidly than the ability of the adrenal cortex to respond to ACTH. 4. The degree of HPA suppression was not determined by the total dose of steroid. 5. The possible significance of the results is discussed.

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“…These small amounts of hydrocortisone do not affect a number of other enzymes that are also classed as inducible by hydrocortisone. Bellamy and Leonard [1] have contrasted the early response to small amounts of hydrocortisone, shown by the increase in glycogen deposition and the elevation of tyrosine transaminase, with the delayed response only to large amounts of hormone, shown by the elevation of gluta mic-pyruvate transaminase and the increased urea excretion. The latter effects, and the elevations of other enzymes, such as threonine dehydratase and arginase, occur about a day after administration of ten times the amount of hydrocortisone needed to elevate the trypto phan pyrrolase and tyrosine transaminase [3,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%