The Effect of Compressive Cyclic Loading on Retention of a Temporary Cement Used with Implants

Abstract

Masticatory forces cause fatigue to cement-retained crowns and abutments and may adversely effect retention. The relation between the number of load cycles and the retentive forces is important. This study evaluated the effect of compressive cyclic loading on the retentive forces of a temporary cement used to retain implant crowns and the relationship between load cycles and retentive forces. Ten castings and implant abutments were cemented with zinc oxide-eugenol temporary cement. The retentive force necessary to dislodge the casting from the abutment was determined before and after the application of 2 Hz of vertical off-axis 3-mm sinusoidal-type compressive cyclic loading between 20 and 130 N for 500000, 1000000, and 5000000 cycles. These forces were equivalent to approximately 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years of human mastication. Data before and after the applied loading were analyzed with a paired sample t test (alpha = 0.05). The retentive forces of the 3 groups were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc by Scheffé multiple comparison (alpha = 0.05). The relation of the loading and the altered retentive forces were analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. Compressive cyclic loading reduced the retentive forces significantly in all groups (P = .000). The retentive forces were reduced 16.75%, 18.73%, and 19.68% during the applied loading cycles of 500000, 1000000, and 5000000. All reduced retentive forces were not significantly different (P = .792). Although cyclic loading reduced the retentive forces, the increased cycles had little relationship (R = 0.119) to the decreased retentive forces of the temporary cement. The relationship between occlusal loading and retentive force can influence the choice of a temporary cement for a particular clinical situation.

Abutments with reduced diameter for both cement and screw retentions: analysis of failure modes and misfit of abutment–crown–connections after cyclic loading

“…; Ongthiemsak et al. ), zinc oxide/eugenol cement (TempBond) is highly soluble in water and requires 4 min to achieve complete cure in order to increase its retention. Dudley et al.…”

Does Abutment Collar Length Affect Abutment Screw Loosening After Cyclic Loading?

“…In this study, 500 000 cycles of loading-each cycle for 0.2 seconds-were used, which is similar to cycle of loading of 6 months' mastication in human adults. 46 However, it should be mentioned that there are limitations to any in vitro study that tries to simulate the biomechanics of chewing, and interpretation of the results should be done with that in mind. 48 The type of implants used in this study was internal hex with platform switching.…”

“…The cycle loading was equivalent to 6 months' mastication in human adults. 46,47 A 75 N load was applied perpendicular to occlusal surface of each crown. The contact time between the rod and crown was adjusted to 0.2 seconds with a frequency of 1 Hz, which simulates the tooth contact duration of each masticatory cycle.…”

In Vitro Fit and Cementation Resistance of Provisional Crowns for Single Implant-Supported Restorations

“…The in vitro compressive cyclic loading is a condition that can be used to simulate occlusal stress present in the oral environment, affecting the retention of provisional luting agents and predicting the in vivo behavior of these materials (12,13).…”