The Effect of Cobalt 60 Gamma Rays Irradiation on Anatomical Characters and Chlorophyll Content of Winged-Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC)

Abstract

Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC) is an alternative food source that can be cultivated optimally. The application of mutation techniques on winged bean can provide genetic variations and have an essential role in the agricultural industry, especially in the assembly of superior cultivars. This research aimed to determine the anatomical response and chlorophyll content of winged plants undergoing mutations due to Cobalt 60 gamma-ray radiation and finding out the differences in the anatomical character between mutated and unmutated winged leaves. The experiments used a factorial, Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factor I was winged plants and factor II was the concentration of Cobalt 60 radiation (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 grays), each with 5 replicates. The results showed that the Cobalt 60 gamma-ray radiation increased the cuticle and leaf mesophyll thickness, but decreased the stomatal length and density of winged leaves. Cobalt 60 ray radiation affects the chlorophyll content of winged leaves. The total chlorophyll content has increased significantly, followed by an increase in the amount of gamma-ray radiation. The exposure radiation time of 40 minutes gives a response of high anatomical character and chlorophyll content than the exposure for 20 minutes.

Gamma-Ray Radiation Effect on Two Species of Canavalia Performance

“…The primary leaf of the irradiated sword bean was narrower, wrinkled, and thickened (Figure 2). The primary leaves thickened due to the increase of mesophil and cuticle layer as reported on winged bean by [18]. Germination inhibition, also thickened and wrinkled primary leaves was observed at the juvenile phase (Figures 3a and 3b).…”