The effect of chronic protein-calorie undernutrition in the rat on myocardial function and cardiac function.

Nutter, Donald O.; Murray, Thomas G.; Heymsfield, S B; Fuller, Ellen O.

doi:10.1161/01.res.45.1.144

Cited by 73 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our observations (Figs. 10 and 11) are in agreement with previous studies which demonstrated that FR prolonged both the contraction (10,30) and relaxation (30,31) phases of the cardiac cycle. Several biochemical changes may be responsible for the prolongation of contraction duration.…”

Section: H2339 Calorie Restriction and Cardiac Mechanicssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Effect of long-term food restriction on cardiac mechanics

Klebanov

Herlihy

Freeman

1997

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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. Effect of long-term food restriction on cardiac mechanics. Am. J. Physiol. 273 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 42): H2333-H2342, 1997.-Food restriction (FR) is the only known intervention capable of increasing mammalian life span. It not only increases longevity, but reduces the incidence of a broad spectrum of age-related pathologies, including cardiomyopathy, and retards the physiological decline associated with aging. Previous work from this laboratory has shown that long-term FR affects the contractile machinery of the heart, shifting the cardiac myosin profile from the fast, V 1 isoform to the slow, V 3 isoform. The aim of the present study was to determine whether FR also induces changes in cardiac mechanics. Isolated, isovolumically beating hearts were examined from four groups of rats: 1) ad libitum-fed rats killed at 10-13 mo of age, 2) FR rats offered only 60% of the calories consumed by ad libitum-fed rats and killed at the same age, 3) young ad libitum-fed rats having the same heart weights as the FR rats, and 4) ad libitum-fed rats subjected to short-term FR, i.e., for the last 3 wk of life, and also killed at 10-13 mo of age. Both short-and long-term FR profoundly and to approximately the same extent affected cardiac mechanics. Hearts from FR rats developed much higher pressures than hearts from the ad libitum-fed rats under conditions of low-calcium perfusate. This difference disappeared, however, when contractility was enhanced by either calcium or isoproterenol. FR prolonged both contraction and relaxation times. Long-term ad libitum-fed rats (adult, 10-13 mo of age) had a lower isoproterenol sensitivity than the young ad libitum-fed rats (10 wk of age). Both short-and long-term FR restored the sensitivity to isoproterenol. In summary, FR profoundly affects many aspects of cardiac mechanics, enhancing some age-related changes (prolongation of the contraction and relaxation times), attenuating another (increasing the isoproterenol sensitivity), and, finally, inducing some unique changes unrelated to age (increased pressure development under low-calcium perfusate).isoproterenol; calcium; ventricular pressure; Langendorff preparation; diet FOOD RESTRICTION (FR) increases the life span of rodents (27). This intervention also retards the development and severity of age-related diseases and attenuates the physiological decline associated with aging (36, 39). Despite the large literature concerning the impact of FR on a variety of systems, little is known regarding precise effects of FR on the cardiovascular system. It has been observed that baroreflex sensitivity is enhanced (19) and the incidence of cardiomyopathies is reduced (4, 41) by FR. How FR affects the intrinsic characteristics of myocardial performance remains unknown.Extensive work has been done, on the other hand, regarding the impact of age on myocardial performance, demonstrating that cardiac muscle exhibits a variety of age-related functional alterations. These include an increase in action potential duration and propagation time (7,8,24,33), l...

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Section: H2339 Calorie Restriction and Cardiac Mechanicssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Available evidence, however, suggests that FR may actually amplify, rather than retard, some of these changes. Short-term (6 wk) FR prolongs the time to peak tension and relaxation time of papillary muscle (30). Similarly, time to peak tension and time to peak shortening are increased by FR in left ventricular columnar carnae muscle (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of long-term food restriction on cardiac mechanics

Klebanov

Herlihy

Freeman

1997

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…This concept was first described by Keys et al in 1947 (20), and it was later validated by others (19,25,33,47); however, in opposition to these studies, cardiac sparing has been observed with shorter duration PCM protocols limited to hours (14,30,39) or days (30). The rationale is that a normally developed heart and body subjected to starvation will undergo cachexia and atrophy in a presumably different fashion from the growth retardation caused by chronic malnutrition.…”

Section: Morphometry Biochemistry and Hemodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac sparing during PCM has been reported in association with an anemia-induced hypermetabolic state (11,18,24,30). In anemia, the necessity to maintain high cardiac output reduces LV muscle catabolism so that LV mass is maintained longer than body weight (3,18,35).…”

Section: Morphometry Biochemistry and Hemodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventricular remodeling and diastolic myocardial dysfunction in rats submitted to protein-calorie malnutrition

Fioretto

Querioz

Padovani

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…The effects of IUGR on the heart are less well defined. In IUGR rats that are exposed to maternal protein restriction, a reduced heart weight is often found (8,9). Alternatively, an increased heart weight as a result of a low-protein diet (LPD) has also been documented (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intrauterine Growth Restriction on the Number of Cardiomyocytes in Rat Hearts

et al. 2005

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Epidemiologic studies have linked intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease later in life; reduced cardiomyocyte number in IUGR hearts may underlie such prenatal programming. Our aim was to examine the effect of IUGR, as a result of maternal protein restriction, on the number of cardiomyocytes in the rat heart at birth. Rats were fed either a low-protein diet (LPD) or a normal-protein diet (NPD) during pregnancy. At birth, the offspring were killed and the hearts were immersion-fixed. The number of cardiomyocyte nuclei in the hearts were stereologically determined using an optical disector-fractionator approach. In some litters, cardiomyocytes were enzymatically isolated from freshly excised hearts and the proportion of binucleated cells was determined. Taking into account the number of binucleated cells, the nuclear counts were adjusted to estimate total cardiomyocyte number. Birth weight and heart weight were significantly reduced in the LPD offspring. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of cardiomyocytes per heart in the LPD offspring compared with the NPD offspring (1.18 Ϯ 0.05 ϫ 10 7 and 1.41 Ϯ 0.06 ϫ 10 7 , respectively; p ϭ 0.001). The number of binucleated cardiomyocytes was low (~3%) and equal in both groups. In conclusion, IUGR as a result of maternal protein restriction leads to a reduction in the number of cardiomyocytes per heart. As cardiomyocyte proliferation is rare after birth, it is plausible that this reduction in cardiomyocytes may lead to compromised cardiac function later in life. Epidemiologic studies have shown a link between low birth weight, as a result of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease later in life (1), suggesting that maternal nutrition may affect the long-term disease profile of offspring. IUGR can result from a lack of nutrients, oxygen, or blood supply to the fetus (2). The link to cardiovascular disease later in life in IUGR infants may relate to underdevelopment of vital organs in utero. Indeed, early studies report that a reduced supply of nutrients during early life, prenatal and postnatal, interferes with the rate of cell multiplication in various organs (3) and that the effect is proportionally more deleterious in tissues with a faster rate of cell multiplication (4). Under these circumstances, growth of the brain is generally "spared" by preferential diversion of blood flow to the brain, whereas growth of other organs is usually proportional to body weight (5). For example, a reduced kidney weight in IUGR rats was shown to be associated with decreased nephron endowment (6,7). The effects of IUGR on the heart are less well defined. In IUGR rats that are exposed to maternal protein restriction, a reduced heart weight is often found (8,9). Alternatively, an increased heart weight as a result of a low-protein diet (LPD) has also been documented (10). Whether IUGR influences the number of cardiomyocytes in the heart is still unclear. If IUGR ...

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The effect of chronic protein-calorie undernutrition in the rat on myocardial function and cardiac function.

Cited by 73 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of long-term food restriction on cardiac mechanics

Effect of long-term food restriction on cardiac mechanics

Ventricular remodeling and diastolic myocardial dysfunction in rats submitted to protein-calorie malnutrition

Effect of Intrauterine Growth Restriction on the Number of Cardiomyocytes in Rat Hearts

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