The effect of chlorine doping concentration on the quality of CdTe single crystals grown by the modified physical vapor transport method

A multi-technique characterization of electroless gold contacts on single crystal CdZnTe radiation detectors

“…The second cadmium component was found to be co-distributed with chlorine, which was distributed throughout the mixed gold-oxide region and had a peak concentration of 8-9 at% (∼10 21 cm −3 ) after an etch time of ∼13 000 s, at the interface with the bulk. This concentration was above the solubility limit of 10 19 cm −3 in CdTe [36]. The distributions of chlorine and cadmium are shown in figure 12, along with an insert showing the two primary components identified by PCA.…”

“…This was attributed to the preferential removal of cadmium by the gold chloride solution and subsequent precipitation of cadmium chloride due to supersaturation of the Cd 2+ and Cl − containing solution. The precipitation of CdCl 2 will reduce the crystal quality and increase voiding [33][34][35][36] due to the solubility of chloride salts and sub-surface stress from lattice mismatches causing strain and local deformations. The bright regions observed in the bright field image of figure 4 were consistent with porosity or voiding.…”

“…The cadmium peak is known to shift to higher binding energies when bound with Cl [20,43]. The ratio of the second cadmium PCA component (Cd PCA2) to chlorine (Cl 2p) was found to be ∼1 : 1 throughout the profile suggesting a phase of CdCl, although CdCl 2 could have formed [33][34][35][36] with the ratio distorted by preferential etching. The position (405.0 eV) and distribution of the first cadmium component (Cd PCA1) was consistent with cadmium bound as CdZnTe.…”

Study of Optimization Options for Second Generation Solar Cell Materials by Multilevel Modeling

“…3. Результаты расчетов проводимости (а) и сопротивле-ния (б) CdTe: а -смоделированные (сплошные линии) и эксперимен-тальные (точки) [10,11] зависимости проводимости CdTe от давления кадмия; б -смоделированные (сплошная линия) и экспериментальные (точки) [12,13] Abstract. Theoretical analysis of optimization options for the properties of CdTe absorber layer is an important task for increasing the efficiency of CdTe/CdS heterojunction based thin−film solar cells.…”

Microstructural, optical and electrical properties of Cl-doped CdTe single crystals

“…Because high bias voltage is needed to improve the charge collection efficiency of the detection devices, resistivity of the material used should be high enough, close to a semi-insulating state, since electronic noise of the material originating from the leakage current increases with larger amounts of free charge carriers within the semiconductor [8]. However, it has been reported that undoped CdTe bulk * E-mail: jhha@kaeri.re.kr crystal grown from the melt usually has p-type characteristics due to the acceptor-like nature of the inherent point defects including Cd-vacancies [9]. These point defects in the crystals can also behave as traps for increased leakage currents [10].…”