The effect of channel deepening on tides and storm surge: A case study of Wilmington, NC

Familkhalili, Ramin; Talke, Stefan A.

doi:10.1002/2016gl069494

Cited by 115 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…ref. 3); in the North Sea, however, the decreased bottom friction appears to be counteracted by the lessened effectiveness of surface wind stress. Basically, the same wind forcing (surface stress) is less effective at dragging water and produces a smaller surge when water becomes deeper.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Coastal flood risk and erosion is exacerbated by SLR, changes in storminess and other climatic effects and can be further accentuated by anthropogenic interventions123 such as channel deepening, wetland reclamation, and harbor development. Designing sufficient coastal protection structures that account for SLR and prevent frequent inundation is thus an essential component of modern and resilient coastal societies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, storm surge (i.e. the non-tidal residuals) can both amplify3 or diminish13 with SLR due to the decreased effect of bottom friction3 or surface wind stress13 on the water column. Surface gravity waves (period <20 seconds) become amplified: as sea-level increases, waves that previously were breaking in deeper water impinge on coastal defenses, increasing the wave run-up height15.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sea-level rise induced amplification of coastal protection design heights

Arns

Dangendorf

Jensen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

197

166

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Coastal protection design heights typically consider the superimposed effects of tides, surges, waves, and relative sea-level rise (SLR), neglecting non-linear feedbacks between these forcing factors. Here, we use hydrodynamic modelling and multivariate statistics to show that shallow coastal areas are extremely sensitive to changing non-linear interactions between individual components caused by SLR. As sea-level increases, the depth-limitation of waves relaxes, resulting in waves with larger periods, greater amplitudes, and higher run-up; moreover, depth and frictional changes affect tide, surge, and wave characteristics, altering the relative importance of other risk factors. Consequently, sea-level driven changes in wave characteristics, and to a lesser extent, tides, amplify the resulting design heights by an average of 48–56%, relative to design changes caused by SLR alone. Since many of the world’s most vulnerable coastlines are impacted by depth-limited waves, our results suggest that the overall influence of SLR may be greatly underestimated in many regions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Sea-level rise induced amplification of coastal protection design heights

Arns

Dangendorf

Jensen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

197

166

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“…Similar cautions apply to the calculation of sea level allowances [32,[90][91][92]. Furthermore, in many areas where active sediment processes are taking place, changing bathymetries modify coastal hydrodynamic processes and the related flooding hazards [55,134]. Similarly, neither socioeconomic uncertainties nor the impacts of human adaptation are fully addressed in existing modeling frameworks [37].…”

Section: Lack Of Formalized Requirements From Translators Of Climate mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea Level Change and Coastal Climate Services: The Way Forward

Cozannet

Nicholls

Hinkel

et al. 2017

JMSE

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For many climate change impacts such as drought and heat waves, global and national frameworks for climate services are providing ever more critical support to adaptation activities. Coastal zones are especially in need of climate services for adaptation, as they are increasingly threatened by sea level rise and its impacts, such as submergence, flooding, shoreline erosion, salinization and wetland change. In this paper, we examine how annual to multi-decadal sea level projections can be used within coastal climate services (CCS). To this end, we review the current state-of-the art of coastal climate services in the US, Australia and France, and identify lessons learned. More broadly, we also review current barriers in the development of CCS, and identify research and development efforts for overcoming barriers and facilitating their continued growth. The latter includes: (1) research in the field of sea level, coastal and adaptation science and (2) cross-cutting research in the area of user interactions, decision making, propagation of uncertainties and overall service architecture design. We suggest that standard approaches are required to translate relative sea level information into the forms required to inform the wide range of relevant decisions across coastal management, including coastal adaptation.

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“…Surges can also be amplified through hyper-tidal estuaries, due to reduced hydraulic drag caused by greater mean depths, as seen along the Orissa coast of India (Sinha et al 2008) and narrowing topography and orientation of the coastline, as seen in the Cape Fear River Estuary, North Carolina (Familkhalili and Talke 2016). Maximum water levels and storm surge impacts are not simply linearly related to increased tidal range (Spencer et al 2015), but the complex interactions seen in hyper-tidal estuaries between tide, surge and landscape changes increases sensitivity to timing of storm events (Desplanque and Mossman 2004), and thus exaggerate water levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Hazard Assessment for a Hyper-Tidal Estuary as a Function of Tide-Surge-Morphology Interaction

Lyddon

Brown

Leonardi

et al. 2018

Estuaries and Coasts

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Astronomical high tides and meteorological storm surges present a combined flood hazard to communities and infrastructure. There is a need to incorporate the impact of tide-surge interaction and the spatial and temporal variability of the combined flood hazard in flood risk assessments, especially in hyper-tidal estuaries where the consequences of tide and storm surge concurrence can be catastrophic. Delft3D-FLOW is used to assess up-estuary variability in extreme water levels for a range of historical events of different severity within the Severn Estuary, southwest England as an example. The influence of the following on flood hazard is investigated: (i) event severity, (ii) timing of the peak of a storm surge relative to tidal high water and (iii) the temporal distribution of the storm surge component (here in termed the surge skewness). Results show when modelling a local area event severity is most important control on flood hazard. Tide-surge concurrence increases flood hazard throughout the estuary. Positive surge skewness can result in a greater variability of extreme water levels and residual surge component, the effects of which are magnified up-estuary by estuarine geometry to exacerbate flood hazard. The concepts and methodology shown here can be applied to other estuaries worldwide.

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The effect of channel deepening on tides and storm surge: A case study of Wilmington, NC

Cited by 115 publications

References 33 publications

Sea-level rise induced amplification of coastal protection design heights

Sea-level rise induced amplification of coastal protection design heights

Sea Level Change and Coastal Climate Services: The Way Forward

Flood Hazard Assessment for a Hyper-Tidal Estuary as a Function of Tide-Surge-Morphology Interaction

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