The Effect of Bromocriptine on Speech Dysfunction in Patients with Diffuse Brain Injury (Akinetic Mutism)

Crismon, M. Lynn; Childs, Allen; Wilcox, Richard E.; Barrow, N.

doi:10.1097/00002826-198810000-00007

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Bromocriptine has been studied (45,(70)(71)(72)(73) in a total of only 17 subjects (primarily TBI and poststroke), and there are no randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Dopaminergic agents have received only preliminary study as a treatment for apathy.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apathy: Why Care?

Reekum¹,

Stuss²,

Ostrander³

2005

JNP

253

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This review presents data showing that apathy is common across a number of disorders. Apathy is not only common, but is also associated with significant problems: reduced functional level, decreased response to treatment, poor illness outcome, caregiver distress, and chronicity. Preliminary evidence of treatment efficacy exists for dopaminergic drugs and for amphetamines. Strong evidence of efficacy exists for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease, and for atypical antipsychotics in schizophrenia. Frontal-subcortical system(s) dysfunction is implicated in the causation of apathy; apathy subtypes based on the various frontal-subcortical loops may thus exist. Further research involving diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment is suggested.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apathy: Why Care?

Reekum¹,

Stuss²,

Ostrander³

2005

JNP

253

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“…However, the hypometabolic area is widespread, and it appears that the critical area for amnesia may be more inferior, in the basal forebrain [Corkin et al, 1985;Markowitsch and Pritzel, 19851. Large bilateral lesions more centered on the ACG reduce the frequency of movement and speech (akinetic mutism) [Crismon et al, 1988;Nemeth et al, 19881. Furthermore, bilateral lesions in the anterior cingulate region have been made intentionally to reduce the psychological component of chronic pain or to decrease obsessivecompulsive behaviors, without noticeable effects on recent declarative memory [Corkin, 19791. Finally, recording studies in rabbits have found that newly acquired associations strongly influence ACG unit activity [Rolls et al, 1982;Gabriel and Orona, 19821.…”

Section: Role Of the Anterior Cingulate Gyrus In Recent Declarative Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human brain metabolic responses to familiarity during lexical decision

Nenov

Halgren

Mandelkern³

et al. 1994

Human Brain Mapping

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Local cerebral glucose metabolic rate was measured using F18-DG/PET in 11 normal righthanded male volunteers performing two versions of a visual lexical decision task differing only with respect to whether the stimuli were all novel and shown only once, or whether they were all repeated many times. Each subject was also scanned in a resting state (eyes open and ears unplugged). Scalp recordings of cognitive evoked potentials in the same subjects and tasks confirmed that the effects of familiarity were present during the entire 30 min FDG uptake period. The N4 (a left temporoparietal negativity 400 ms after stimulus onset) decreased with repetition, and the P3b (a 600 ms latency parietal positivity) increased. The pattern of metabolic activation was also significantly different between the three experimental conditions. Planned comparisons of the tasks with the resting condition revealed significant relative activations of visual and motor areas. Novel words evoked significantly greater activation in the left and right anterior cingulate gyri and right hippocampal formation than did repeated words in the same task. Relative glucose metabolism in the left angular gyrus was significantly greater to novel words than to resting. Thus, two tasks equated in sensory, motor, and decision processes, but differing in the familiarity of the stimuli, evoke significantly different patterns of brain activation. The patterns observed provided evidence that recent episodic memory for words engages a system that includes the bilateral anterior cingulate gyri, the medial temporal lobe, and the left angular gyrus. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…Echiverri et al 13 reported four akinetic and mute patients who were successfully treated with bromocriptine. Crismon et al 14 reported specific improvement in spontaneity, articulation of speech and intelligibility in three patients following treatment with bromocriptine. Powell et al treated six men and five women with a history of traumatic brain injury or a subarachnoid haemorrhage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Abulia following an episode of cardiac arrest

Naik

2015

BMJ Case Reports

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The word 'abulia' means a lack of will, initiative or drive. The symptoms of abulia include lack of spontaneous action and speech, reduced emotional responsiveness and social interaction, poor attention and easy distractibility. These symptoms are independent of reduced levels of consciousness or cognitive impairment. We describe a case of a socially active 72-year-old female patient who presented with symptoms of abulia which may have occurred due to damage of the frontosubcortical circuits following an episode of cardiac arrest. The patient's symptoms improved dramatically following treatment with bromocriptine.

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The Effect of Bromocriptine on Speech Dysfunction in Patients with Diffuse Brain Injury (Akinetic Mutism)

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Apathy: Why Care?

Apathy: Why Care?

Human brain metabolic responses to familiarity during lexical decision

Abulia following an episode of cardiac arrest

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