The Effect of Blue and Red Light on the Content of Chlorophyll, Cytochrome f, Soluble Reducing Sugars, Soluble Proteins and the Nitrate Reductase Activity During Growth of the Primary Leaves of Sinapis alba

Wild, Aloysius; Holzapfel, A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-67648-2_41

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…LPS lamps, direct arc sources emitting mainly at 589 nm, are efficient sources of photosynthetically active radiation that emit relatively low levels of IR radiation and heat (17,22). Possibly because they lack a blue light component, LPS lamps used alone tend to produce elongated, chlorotic plants with low DM (23,28,29).Red-biased light sources (including LPS lamps) enhance leaf carbohydrate levels (4,9,12,26,28). Spectral quality effects on photosynthate partitioning may be important to photomorphogenesis, since elevated end-of-day starch levels in leaves are associated with morphological changes such as increased shoot-to-root ratios in soybeans (5, 10).…”

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Photomorphogenesis and photoassimilation in soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources.

Britz¹,

Sager²

1990

Plant Physiol.

101

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The role of blue light in plant growth and development was investigated in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv Williams) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench. cv Rio) grown under equal photosynthetic photon fluxes (=500 micromoles per square meter per second) from broad spectrum daylight fluorescent or blue-deficient, narrow-band (589 nanometers) low pressure sodium (LPS) lamps. Between 14 and 18 days after sowing, it was possible to relate adaptations in photosynthesis and leaf growth to dry matter accumulation. Soybean development under LPS light was similar in several respects to that of shaded plants, consistent with an important role for blue light photoreceptors in regulation of growth response to irradiance. Thus, soybeans from LPS conditions partitioned relatively more growth to leaves and maintained higher average leaf area ratios (LAR) that compensated lower net assimilation rates (NAR). Relative growth rates were therefore comparable to plants from daylight fluorescent lamps. Reductions in NAR were matched by lower rates of net photosynthesis (A) on an area basis in the major photosynthetic source (first trifoliolate) leaf. Lower A in soybean resulted from reduced leaf dry matter per unit leaf area, but lower A under LPS conditions in sorghum correlated with leaf chlorosis and reduced total nitrogen (not observed in soybean). In spite of a lower A, NAR was larger in sorghum from LPS conditions, resulting in significantly greater relative growth rates (LAR was approximately equal for both light conditions). Leaf starch accumulation rate was higher for both species and starch content at the end of the dark period was elevated two-and three-fold for sorghum and soybean, respectively, under LPS conditions. Possible relations between starch accumulation, leaf export, and plant growth in response to spectral quality were considered. evaluate the role of shorter wavelengths during broad spectrum illumination, it is possible to determine the photomorphogenetic action of blue and UV radiation against a background of high PPF3 provided by LPS lamps (23). LPS lamps, direct arc sources emitting mainly at 589 nm, are efficient sources of photosynthetically active radiation that emit relatively low levels of IR radiation and heat (17,22). Possibly because they lack a blue light component, LPS lamps used alone tend to produce elongated, chlorotic plants with low DM (23,28,29).Red-biased light sources (including LPS lamps) enhance leaf carbohydrate levels (4,9,12,26,28). Spectral quality effects on photosynthate partitioning may be important to photomorphogenesis, since elevated end-of-day starch levels in leaves are associated with morphological changes such as increased shoot-to-root ratios in soybeans (5, 10). Consequently, the following study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between long-term blue light exposure and plant growth in relation to carbon assimilation, leaf carbohydrate storage, and rates of assimilate export in soybean, a C3 dicot, and sorghum, a C4 grass. Both species resp...

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Photomorphogenesis and photoassimilation in soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources.

Britz¹,

Sager²

1990

Plant Physiol.

101

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“…The development of etiolated seedlings, in terms of plant growth, chloroplast structure, and function, is greatly influenced by the prevailing light quality (4,8,9,11,17,18,28,29). It has been reported that both developing and mature seedlings grown under blue light, have higher Chl a/Chl b ratios (4,11,17), higher prenylquinone content and lower xanthophyll to carotene ratios (11), and higher photosynthetic rates (17), than those grown under red light.…”

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“…The large freeze-fracture particles had the same size in the red-, blue-, and white-grown ferns, but there were some differences in their density. Light quality is an important factor in the regulation of the composition and function of thylakoid membranes, but the effects depend upon the plant species.The development of etiolated seedlings, in terms of plant growth, chloroplast structure, and function, is greatly influenced by the prevailing light quality (4,8,9,11,17,18,28,29). It has been reported that both developing and mature seedlings grown under blue light, have higher Chl a/Chl b ratios (4,11,17), higher prenylquinone content and lower xanthophyll to carotene ratios (11), and higher photosynthetic rates (17), than those grown under red light.…”

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Effect of Light Quality on the Composition, Function, and Structure of Photosynthetic Thylakoid Membranes of Asplenium australasicum (Sm.) Hook

Leong¹,

Goodchild²,

Anderson³

1985

Plant Physiol.

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The effect of light quality on the composition, function and structure of the thylakoid membranes, as well as on the photosynthetic rates of intact fronds from Asplenium australasicum, a shade plant, grown in blue, white, or red light of equal intensity (50 microeinsteins per square meter per second) was investigated. When compared with those isolated from plants grown in white and blue light, thylakoids from plants grown in red light have higher chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratios and lower amounts of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complexes than those grown in blue light. On a chlorophyll basis, there were higher levels of PSII reaction centers, cytochrome f and coupling factor activity in thylakoids from red light-rown ferns, but lower levels of PSI reaction centers and plastoquinone. The red light-grown ferns had a higher PSII/ PSI reaction center ratio of 4.1 compared to 2.1 in blue light-grown ferns, and a larger apparent PSI unit size and a lower PSI unit size. The CO2 assimilation rates in fronds from red light-grown ferns were lower on a unit area or fresh weight basis, but higher on a chlorophyll basis, reflecting the higher levels of electron carriers and electron transport in the thylakoids.The structure of thylakoids isolated from plants grown under the three light treatments was similar, with no significant differences in the number of thylakoids per granal stack or the ratio of appressed membrane length/ nonippressed membrane length. The large freeze-fracture particles had the same size in the red-, blue-, and white-grown ferns, but there were some differences in their density. Light quality is an important factor in the regulation of the composition and function of thylakoid membranes, but the effects depend upon the plant species.The development of etiolated seedlings, in terms of plant growth, chloroplast structure, and function, is greatly influenced by the prevailing light quality (4,8,9,11,17,18,28,29). It has been reported that both developing and mature seedlings grown under blue light, have higher Chl a/Chl b ratios (4,11,17), higher prenylquinone content and lower xanthophyll to carotene ratios (11), and higher photosynthetic rates (17), than those grown under red light. These variations were also accompanied by differences in the ultrastructure of the chloroplasts with chloroplasts from plants grown under red light exhibiting higher grana content than those from plants grown under blue light (4, 1 1, 18). It was proposed (1 1, 18) that the differences in thylakoid composition, photosynthetic activity, and chloroplast structure of plants adapted to low intensity blue light are similar to 'sun ' (Fig. 1); note the instrument is not corrected beyond 700 nm.Chloroplasts were isolated from fully mature fronds as previously described (14) except that 0.1% BSA was present in the homogenization buffer. Thylakoids were washed in glass-distilled H20 followed by two washes and resuspension in 50 mM Tricine (pH 8.0). Aliquots of thylakoid membranes were stored in liquid N2. Total ...

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“…Prolonged irradiation of plants with rays of different wavelengths specifAbbreviations: BL = blue light; Chl = chlorophyll; RL = red light Correspondence to: N. G. Bukhov; FAX: 7(095) 4821685 ically affects the synthesis of intracellular protein constituents. A blue light (BL)-induced extra synthesis [compared to red light (RL) action] has been shown for various photosynthetic proteins: membrane-bound pigmentproteins (Bukhov 1987;Eskins and McCarthy 1987); cytochrome b6/f complex (Voskresenskaya et al 1977;Wild and Holzapfel 1980); Qb-bound protein (Richter and Wessel 1985); soluble proteins of the electron-transport chain, such as plastocyanin and soluble ferredoxin (Voskresenskaya et al 1977(Voskresenskaya et al , 1982; and a number of photosynthetic enzymes (Ruyters 1984).…”

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Long-term effects of blue or red light on ATP and ADP contents in primary barley leaves

Bukhov

Bondar

Drozdova

1995

Planta

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Abstract. Levels of ATP and ADP were studied in primary leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Viner) seedlings grown under blue (BL) or red light (RL) of various irradiances. In mature leaf segments, BL stimulated a greater accumulation of adenylates than RL. Transfer of barley seedlings from RL to BL for 48 h caused about a twofold increase in the content of adenylates, probably due to de-novo synthesis of adenine nucleotides. Weak BL was found to stimulate an increase in the adenylate content and a higher irradiance enhanced the stimulatory effect. The adenylate content increased markedly from the base towards the tip of barley leaves grown under BL but not in those grown under RL. However, the adenylate content was higher in the basalmost segment of barley leaves grown under RL, indicating that the action of RL on adenylate content proceeded more rapidly than that of BL. The same conclusion could be drawn from the results of experiments with de-etiolated leaves. A linear relationship was established between the maximum rate of CO 2 fixation and the ATP or ADP content in mature segments of primary barley leaves. The possible involvement of two photoreceptors, phytochrome and cryptochrome, in the long-term light regulation of the total content of adenylates in primary barley leaves is discussed.

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The Effect of Blue and Red Light on the Content of Chlorophyll, Cytochrome f, Soluble Reducing Sugars, Soluble Proteins and the Nitrate Reductase Activity During Growth of the Primary Leaves of Sinapis alba

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Photomorphogenesis and photoassimilation in soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources.

Photomorphogenesis and photoassimilation in soybean and sorghum grown under broad spectrum or blue-deficient light sources.

Effect of Light Quality on the Composition, Function, and Structure of Photosynthetic Thylakoid Membranes of Asplenium australasicum (Sm.) Hook

Long-term effects of blue or red light on ATP and ADP contents in primary barley leaves

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