The Effect of Bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) Tetrasulphide (Si-69) as a Coupling Agent on Properties of Natural Rubber/Kenaf Fibre Composites

Ismail, Hanafi; Mahir, Norjulia Ahmad; Ahmad, Zulkifli

doi:10.1080/03602559.2011.551980

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…KNF is a low cost, renewable, and quick growing annual plant, which is used extensively as a filler in polymer composites . For instance, Ismail et al used KNF core fiber as a filler in high‐density polyethylene/soya powder composites and found that the tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of the composites increased with the addition of KNF core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of kenaf form and loading on the properties of kenaf‐filled polypropylene/waste tire dust composites: A comparison study

Pang

Ismail

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Kenaf (KNF)-filled polypropylene/waste tire dust (PP/WTD) composites containing different KNF loadings (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 parts per hundred parts of resin (phr)) were prepared using a Thermo Haake Polydrive internal mixer. The influence of the KNF form (KNF short fiber (KNFs) and KNF powder (KNFp)) at different KNF loadings on properties of the composites was studied. Results showed that with increasing KNF loading, the stabilization torque, tensile modulus, water absorption, and thermal properties increased for both KNFp-and KNFs-filled PP/WTD composites. However, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased by 29.2% and 53.9%, respectively, for KNFp-filled PP/WTD composites, whereas KNFs-filled PP/WTD composites showed a decrement of 24.5% and 63.5%, respectively. The stabilization torque, tensile strength, and tensile modulus increased by 22.4%, 6.7%, and 2.6%, respectively, for KNFs-filled PP/WTD composites at 20 phr KNF loading. The scanning electron microscopy morphological studies on the tensile fractured surfaces revealed poor adhesion between KNFp and PP/WTD matrices as compared to KNFs and PP/WTD matrices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of kenaf form and loading on the properties of kenaf‐filled polypropylene/waste tire dust composites: A comparison study

Pang

Ismail

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…of silane that reacts or interacts with the rubber chain. [99,100] Many research work have been published on the preparation and properties of silane coupling agent treated clay/rubber composites especially 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) [102,103] and Bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulphide (Si69). [104,105] However, very few works have been reported on the silane coupling agent treated clay/ EPDM composites.…”

Section: Functionalization Of Epdm/clay With Coupling Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on clay‐reinforced ethylene propylene diene terpolymer composites

2021

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In the new era of sustainable developments, various adaptations have been carried out in many industries to revolutionize the quest for sustainable materials as a method to reduce the dependency on petroleum feedstock. One of such inventions focusing on the automotive industries with new concepts of energy automotive such as electric and hybrid cars, as well as the utilization of inorganic materials as a components of polymer composites, which is expected to reduce the demand and utilization of various rubber composites in automotive parts. However, due to remarkable increment of service life and inherent properties, ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) has showed the highest consumption in automotive segments and the fastest development rate in the field of polymer modification. Thus, a comprehensive review concerning the development of environmentally friendly EPDM-based composites reinforced by various clay minerals is highlighted and presented in this article. The characteristic of EPDM, including the chemistry, processing, properties, and applications, as well as the current research on various types of rubber/clay composites, EPDM/clay composites, and rubber/bentonite (Bt) composites, is reviewed and reported. In addition, the characteristics, properties, and applications of different types of clay minerals such as layered silicates, Bt clays, and montmorillonites as reinforcement material in EPDM composites are also included. Finally, the drawbacks and challenges in developments of EPDM/clay composites and the existing improvizations through various compatibilization of EPDM/clay composite system such as chemical modification of clays, functionalization using coupling agents, and compatibilization through grafting are discussed by highlighting the important findings.

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“…Ismail et al 49 have studied the mechanical properties of Kenaf fibers (KFs) filled NR composites in presence and absence of bis‐(3‐triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulphide (Si‐69) as reinforcement modifier. The cure characteristics of Si‐69 based NR/KFs composites were found to be thrived appreciably as compared to unfilled NR and NR/KFs composites without Si‐69 49 . Si‐69 had played an active role to increase the maximum torque (M H ) of KFs filled NR composites.…”

Section: Properties Of Various Natural Fibers Based Rubber Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Si‐69 had played an active role to increase the maximum torque (M H ) of KFs filled NR composites. Ismail et al 49 have suggested the correlation between M H and crosslink density of Si‐69 based NR/KFs composites. The sulfur atoms of silane can increase the elemental sulfur content in NR/KFs composites with Si‐69, resulting in the increment of crosslink density of rubber composites 50…”

Section: Properties Of Various Natural Fibers Based Rubber Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances of natural fibers based green rubber composites: Properties, current status, and future perspectives

Roy

Debnath

Pongwisuthiruchte

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The searching of suitable alternatives to petroleum‐based fillers is an uncompromising challenge in present day rubber research. Recently, natural fibers are the part of great attention of both academic and industrial researchers due to their easy availability, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. Natural fiber is cellulose‐rich material, which is preferentially used as alternative filler in rubber technology. This article reviews current advances in natural fibers filled rubber composites in terms of mechanical, thermal, and biodegradable properties (2010–2020). The incorporation of unmodified natural fibers as filler is not able to offer desired reinforcement in rubber composites. Several surface modification methods can be introduced to improve the overall performances of natural fibers filled rubber composites. Finally, the review clarifies present status and future prospects of natural fibers based advanced rubber composites in automobile industry. The successful designing of natural fibers based sustainable rubber composites can introduce a new era in green rubber technology.

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The Effect of Bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) Tetrasulphide (Si-69) as a Coupling Agent on Properties of Natural Rubber/Kenaf Fibre Composites

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of kenaf form and loading on the properties of kenaf‐filled polypropylene/waste tire dust composites: A comparison study

Influence of kenaf form and loading on the properties of kenaf‐filled polypropylene/waste tire dust composites: A comparison study

A review on clay‐reinforced ethylene propylene diene terpolymer composites

Recent advances of natural fibers based green rubber composites: Properties, current status, and future perspectives

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