The effect of binder and electrolyte on the performance of thin zinc-air battery

Hilder, Matthias; Winther‐Jensen, Bjorn; Clark, Noel

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.004

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These additives can reduce the concentration of the zinc oxidation products and improve electronic conductivity and current distribution [14]. Binders or gels, such as sodium silicate [19], tapioca [20], polytetrafluoroethylene [21,22], Carbopol gel [23,24], and sago which is a starch extracted from palm stems [25], were used to increase the active material utilization and effective surface area in zinc electrode. Addition of sodium silicate as binder was reported to increase battery performance [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Binders or gels, such as sodium silicate [19], tapioca [20], polytetrafluoroethylene [21,22], Carbopol gel [23,24], and sago which is a starch extracted from palm stems [25], were used to increase the active material utilization and effective surface area in zinc electrode. Addition of sodium silicate as binder was reported to increase battery performance [19]. It was also reported that using tapioca starch as binder for porous zinc electrode enhances specific capacity [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc Electrode Morphology Evolution in High Energy Density Nickel-Zinc Batteries

Payer

Ebil

2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Prismatic Nickel-Zinc (NiZn) batteries with energy densities higher than 100 Wh kg −1 were prepared using Zn electrodes with different initial morphologies. The effect of initial morphology of zinc electrode on battery capacity was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveal that initial morphology of zinc electrode changes drastically after a few charge/discharge cycles regardless of initial ZnO powder used. ZnO electrodes prepared using ZnO powders synthesized from ZnCl 2 and Zn(NO 3 ) 2 lead to average battery energy densities ranging between 92 Wh kg −1 and 109 Wh kg −1 while using conventional ZnO powder leads to a higher energy density, 118 Wh kg −1 . Average discharge capacities of zinc electrodes vary between 270 and 345 mA g −1 , much lower than reported values for nano ZnO powders in literature. Higher electrode surface area or higher electrode discharge capacity does not necessarily translate to higher battery energy density.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Electrode Morphology Evolution in High Energy Density Nickel-Zinc Batteries

Payer

Ebil

2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…The performance of the thin-film Zn-air battery was further improved using sodium silicate as a binder for the anode components. 11 Wang et al 12 examined the effect of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) decorated with silver nano-particles (AgNPs) as the air-breathing cathode in a zinc-air battery. The highly porous surface of SWNTs coupled with the catalytic activity of AgNPs for oxygen reduction leads to an improvement in the performance of the zinc-air cell.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a High Energy Density Flexible Zinc-Air Battery

Suren

Kheawhom

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This work involved the development of a high energy density flexible zinc-air battery by means of an inexpensive screen-printing technique. A very thin and highly porous cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) fabricated by screen-printing of carbon black ink promoted oxygen permeability, resulting in a better and more efficient three-phase reaction zone. Moreover, a cathode current collector (printed using nano-silver ink) also functioned as a catalyst layer. The incorporation of this layer enabled the printed battery to be capable of high rates of discharge by promoting oxygen reduction reaction which has a decisive impact on its performance. The thickness of the GDL can be manipulated by adjusting the composition of the carbon black ink. The fabricated battery with 30 μm GDL provided an open-circuit voltage of 1.45 V and 15 -185 mA·cm −2 ohmic loss zone and demonstrated high energy density of 682 Wh·kg −1 . Furthermore, the battery was tested for its flexibility by bending it and discharging it at 2.0 mA·cm −2 . The results showed that upon bending, the battery showed no difference in characteristics of voltage or discharging time. A battery is used as an energy source for many portable devices. However, an important drawback of batteries used today is that they have low energy density whereas high energy density batteries are relatively expensive. In addition, safety and environmental impacts throughout their life cycle are also important issues. Many researchers, therefore, focus on the fabrication of a high energy density battery having lower costs and being more environmental friendly. Zinc-air batteries hold the greatest promise for future energy applications.2 These batteries use relatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials. Moreover, they have high energy densities (1,084 Wh·kg −1 ). In addition, they use an aqueous solvent and zinc (Zn) 3 which is relatively stable in an aqueous and alkaline media without significant corrosion.Zn-air battery cells basically consist of current collectors for both anode and cathode, an anode electrode containing zinc metal, a cathode electrode consisting of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) and a catalyst layer, and a separator soaked with electrolyte. All these components must be developed to ensure high performance of battery and ease of fabrication.Printing is a promising technique to fabricate electronic devices [4][5][6][7] and batteries due to its simplicity and environmental friendliness. 10 fabricated a Zn-air battery based on paper and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates by screen-printing a zinc/carbon/polymer composite anode, polymerising a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) cathode and inkjet-printing a lithium chloride electrolyte. The battery on PEN substrate provided a discharge capacity of 1.4 mAh·cm −2 . However, the battery on paper substrate showed an open-circuit voltage of 1.2 V and a discharge capacity of 0.5 mAh·cm −2 . The performance of the thin-film Zn-air battery was further improved using sodium silicate as a binder for...

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“…Some of oxide additives used in zinc electrode, such as Ca(OH)2 [16,17], Bi2O3 [18], PbO [19], TiO2 [20], and In2O3 [21] are convenient to decrease the concentration of the zinc oxidation products and improve electronic conductivity and current distribution [17]. Binders or gels, such as sodium silicate [22], tapioca [23], polytetrafluoroethylene [24,25], carbopol gel [26,27], and sago [28], are ways to improve the active material utilization and effective surface area in zinc electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binder Effect on Electrochemical Performance of Zinc Electrodes For Nickel-Zinc Batteries

Cihanoğlu¹,

Ebil²

2017

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry

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Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used as a zinc electrode binder at different concentrations to enhance the electrochemical behavior of zinc electrodes for nickel-zinc (NiZn) batteries. ZnO powders synthesized by mechanochemical and hydrothermal precipitation methods were mixed with lead oxide, calcium hydroxide and binder to prepare zinc electrodes in pouch cell NiZn batteries. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis reveal that initial morphology of zinc electrode changes drastically regardless of the binder type and its loading after charge/discharge process, and even the charge/discharge process is not complete. The results show that the presence of PEG causes better discharge capacity compared to that of PVA as a binder. Zinc electrode prepared using commercial ZnO powder and 3 wt.% PEG gives the optimum discharge capability, with a specific capacity of approximately 311 mAhg -1 , while zinc electrodes prepared using ZnO powder synthesized from ZnCl2 and Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and 6 wt.% PEG exhibit high specific energy of 255 and 275 mAhg -1 , respectively. The results suggest a relationship between binder loading and battery capacity, but in-situ analysis of microstructural evolution of zinc electrode during charge/discharge process is needed to confirm this relationship.

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The effect of binder and electrolyte on the performance of thin zinc-air battery

Cited by 48 publications

References 19 publications

Zinc Electrode Morphology Evolution in High Energy Density Nickel-Zinc Batteries

Zinc Electrode Morphology Evolution in High Energy Density Nickel-Zinc Batteries

Development of a High Energy Density Flexible Zinc-Air Battery

Binder Effect on Electrochemical Performance of Zinc Electrodes For Nickel-Zinc Batteries

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