The Effect of Benomyl on the Fine Structure of Botrytis fabae

Richmond, D. V.; Pring, R. J.

doi:10.1099/00221287-66-1-79

Cited by 44 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Figures 6A and 6B show the results of exposing hyphae of N. crassa to filter disks impregnated with the inhibitor and placed at 1.5 cm from the margin of young colonies. Although, as previously noted, both cytochalasin (Betina et al, 1972;Allen et al, 1980;Harold and Harold, 1986) and benomyl (Richmond and Pring, 1971;Howard and Aist, 1977) induced branching, the effect we observed on hyphal morphology in N. crassa was quite different. Whereas the branches induced by cytochalasin A were mostly straight short hyphae (Fig.…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 59%

What Determines Growth Direction in Fungal Hyphae?

Riquelme

Reynaga-Peña

Gierz

et al. 1998

Fungal Genetics and Biology

183

126

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 59%

What Determines Growth Direction in Fungal Hyphae?

Riquelme

Reynaga-Peña

Gierz

et al. 1998

Fungal Genetics and Biology

183

126

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“…Direct microscopic observations of the effects of this sampangine analog indicated that germ tube development was affected not only by the presence of distorted germ tubes that branched more frequently than those of untreated conidia, but also by the emergence of multiple germ tubes, suggesting the possibility that this compound may protect the host after fungi have already established themselves in or on the host. This anomaly caused by 4-bromosampangine in germ tube development is similar to the physical mode of action observed in germinating conidia of B. cinerea (6) and Botrytis fabae (18), which when exposed to fenhexamid and benomyl, respectively, produced swollen, branched germ tubes. Additional studies also support our observations that when conidial germination is not inhibited, subsequent developmental stages such as germ tube elongation and mycelial development may be inhibited (2,8,11,19).…”

Section: Botrytis Cinereasupporting

confidence: 74%

Improved Microassays Used to Test Natural Product-Based and Conventional Fungicides on Plant Pathogenic Fungi

et al. 2008

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Seven important plant pathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, C. gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis obscurans, and P. viticola) valuable in screening fungicides were tested. Our procedure included washing conidia to reduce germination times, incorporating Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 as a medium of known composition, and using coverslips in the 24-well cell culture clusters to document the effect of fungicides on fungal morphology. The natural product-based fungicide, sampangine, a sampangine analog, 4-bromosampangine, plus seven conventional fungicides (benomyl, captan, cyprodinil, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, iprodione, and kresoxim-methyl) were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit germination and growth of the seven fungal species. Sampangine inhibited germination in all fungi except C. acutatum. Comparison of results of germination and morphology microbioassays with results of microtiter assays suggests that some fungicides stop fungal germination, whereas others only slow down fungal growth. We hypothesize that sampangine, except against C. acutatum, has the same physical mode of action, germination inhibition, as the conventional fungicides captan, iprodione, and kresoxim-methyl. 4-Bromosampangine caused morphological anomalies including excessive branching of germ tubes of C. fragariae and splaying and branching of germ tubes of B. cinerea.

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“…Alternatively, tbe increased proportion of infections witb papillae may bave reflected a slowing of fungal penetration wbicb allowed more cells to respond by producing papillae. The abnormalities of fungal ultrastructure that appeared in cultures and roots treated witb procbloraz were quite striking; however, as suggested by other workers (Richmond & Pring, 1971;Dabmen^ffl/., 1988;Sancbollee/fl/., 1988), tbey could be interpreted as being due to secondary effects caused by disruption of specific biocbemical processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Microscopy of invasion of red clover roots by Trichocladium basicola, and effects of benomyl and prochloraz

Nan

Long

Skipp³

et al. 1992

Plant Pathology

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Roots of red clover seedlings grown on plates of water agar, or water agar containing benomyl or prochloraz, were inoculated with conidia of Trichocladium basicola and examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Penetration of host epidermal cells occurred from about 16 h after inoculation of untreated or fungicide‐treated seedlings. Intracellular hyphae were constricted at septa and had a beaded appearance. They invaginated the host plasmalemma, but had no obvious deleterious effect on the cytoplasm until they had grown to fill much of the lumen, when host cells degenerated and died. As colonization of the cortex progressed, straight, unconstricted hyphae were formed and from these reproductive hyphae developed, which produced endoconidiophores and chlamydospores on the root surface. Penetration of host cell walls appeared to involve localized action of fungal enzymes. Papillae were often found at sites of penetration, but these rarely obstructed fungal development. Seedlings treated with prochloraz had fewer sites of fungal penetration, and fewer cells in the beaded hyphae than untreated seedlings or those treated with benomyl. Both fungicides caused abnormalities in fungal ultrastructure. Hyphae treated with benomyl were often found to contain lomasomes, while those treated with prochloraz had thickened, fragmented walls, and disorganized cell contents.

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The Effect of Benomyl on the Fine Structure of Botrytis fabae

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

What Determines Growth Direction in Fungal Hyphae?

What Determines Growth Direction in Fungal Hyphae?

Improved Microassays Used to Test Natural Product-Based and Conventional Fungicides on Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Microscopy of invasion of red clover roots by Trichocladium basicola, and effects of benomyl and prochloraz

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