The Effect of Attenuating One Channel of a Dichotic Circuit upon the Word Reception of Dual Messages

Tolhurst, Gilbert C.; Peters, Robert W.

doi:10.1121/1.1917969

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The sum of the right and left ear scores may be considered a measure of overall (total) dichotic performance that reflects the overall, finite capacity of the central auditory system to process speech information (Tolhurst and Peters, 1956;Cullen et al, 1974). Table I shows that overall dichotic performance improved with temporal offset between the ears for both groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dichotic CV recognition at various interaural temporal onset asynchronies: Effect of age

Gelfand

Hoffman

Waltzman

et al. 1980

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Dichotic CV recognition at interaural temporal onset asynchronies (lag times) of 0, 30, 60, and 90 ms was investigated in normal hearing young and elderly subjects. The results for the young group were consistent with those reported in previous studies (Studdert-Kennedy et al., 1970; Berlin et al., 1973a). The older group demonstrated a mean right ear advantage (REA) at simultaneity of 12.7%, which was not significantly different from that of the young group (12.4%). This suggests that the processes subserving the REA are not affected by age. However, there was a significant reduction in the total (right ear plus left ear) dichotic scores of the elderly group compared to the young; suggesting an age-associated reduction in the channel capacity of the aging auditory system. Further, there were striking aberrations of the dictotic lag effect in the elderly group compared to the young subjects, consistent with age-related changes in auditory temporal processing. The findings are discussed with respect to the aging auditory system and the nature of dichotic speech processing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dichotic CV recognition at various interaural temporal onset asynchronies: Effect of age

Gelfand

Hoffman

Waltzman

et al. 1980

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…The problem of competing activities has been resolved by humans' tendency to focus on stimuli that possess either or both of two properties: intensity and change (Clark & Miller, 1970;McArthur & Post, 1977;Tolhurst & Peters, 1956;Webster & Thompson, 1954). However, if an organism is to pass on its genes, monitoring must be integrated with other activities.…”

Section: An Evolutionary Perspective On Vocal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sounds of dominance..

Tusing

Dillard

2000

Human Comm Res

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A study was conducted to determine the effects of vocal cues on judgments of dominance in an interpersonal influence context. Physical measures of human vocal cues and participant ratings of dominance were obtained from videotapes of actors delivering short influence messages. After controlling for linguistic and visual content of messages, results indicated that mean amplitude and amplitude standard deviation were positively associated with dominance judgments, whereas speech rate was negatively associated with dominance judgments. An unexpected interaction revealed that mean fundamental frequency (F 0 ) was positively associated with dominance judgments for male speakers but not significantly associated with dominance judgments for female speakers. F 0 standard deviation was not significantly associated with dominance judgments. Results support the conclusion that dominance judgments are inferred from multiple sources of information and that some vocal markers of dominance are more influential than others.S ocial scientists of all stripes agree that dominance is a fundamental feature of social relationships (Bailey, 1983; Bateson, 1958; Burgoon & Hale, 1984). But what cues are used to make dominance judgments? Although a variety of verbal and nonverbal cues are possible, we focus on vocal cues in this article. As Scherer (1982) notes, "During evolution, language and speech were superimposed on a primitive, analog vocal signaling system" (p. 138). Thus, due to their primitive origins, vocal cues may be more fundamental to Kyle James Tusing (M.A., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1995) is a doctoral candidate and James Price Dillard (Ph.D., Michigan State University, 1983) is a professor in the Department of Communication Arts at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. forming social judgments than linguistic content or other, less primal nonverbal cues. One set of studies that accords well with that claim show that members of different cultures can infer the emotional state of speakers on the basis of vocal cues alone (Clynes & Nettheim, 1982; Frick, 1985; Kramer, 1964; Krauss, Curran, & Ferleger, 1983). Even more compelling evidence of the ancient origins of vocal cues can be found in the work of Leinonen, Linnankoski, Laakso, and Aulanko (1991). In their investigation, more than 80% of the (human) participants accurately identified the social meaning of male dominance vocalizations of a macaque monkey.A rationale for this project is tendered in three parts. First, we review the nature of relational judgments, including dominance, and their operation in an influence context. Second, we argue that certain vocal cues influence perceptions of dominance because they are associated with features of organisms indicative of the aggressive potential of those organisms. Third, we make the case that organisms give special attention to stimuli that are intense and changing, and that vocal cues that possess these characteristics will also shape perceptions of dominance. Relational JudgmentsResearchers in a variety of discipli...

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“…First, the S/N ratio may affect the quality of the memory trace. Decreasing the S/N ratio may increase the acoustic confusability of the stimuli and may lead to increased error rates in perception and memory (Aaronson & Sternberg, 1964;Miller, Heise & Lichten, 1951;Pollack, 1959;Pollack & Rubenstein, 1963;Sumby, 1962;Tolhurst & Peters, 1956;Yntema & Trask, 1962). Second, the S/N ratio may affect the time needed to perceive the stimulus items (Pollack & Rubenstein, 1963).…”

Section: Center For Cognitive Studies Harvard Universitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal course of perception in an immediate recall task.

Aaronson¹

1968

Journal of Experimental Psychology

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The Effect of Attenuating One Channel of a Dichotic Circuit upon the Word Reception of Dual Messages

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Dichotic CV recognition at various interaural temporal onset asynchronies: Effect of age

Dichotic CV recognition at various interaural temporal onset asynchronies: Effect of age

The sounds of dominance..

Temporal course of perception in an immediate recall task.

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