The Effect of Amygdalin on Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Induced Hepatic
            Steatosis in Mice

Moslehi, Azam; Farahabadi, Mohsen; Chavoshzadeh, Sayyed Abdollah; Barati, Akram Ahmadi; Ababzadeh, Shima; Mohammadbeigi, Abolfazl

doi:10.21315/mjms2018.25.1.3

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It can alleviate the inhibition of colitis [72], reduce the production of TNF-α and have a significant protective effect on hepatocytes [73]. It has been reported that amygdalin has obvious anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the secretion of TNF-α [74], effectively alleviating hepatic steatosis caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress. The above metabolomic analysis results show that AAM intervention can obviously improve alcoholic liver injury in mice with excessive alcohol consumption by regulating lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammatory related metabolites.…”

Section: Effects Of Aam On the Liver Metabolomic Profiling In Model Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Auricularia auricula Melanin Protects against Alcoholic Liver Injury and Modulates Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Mice Exposed to Alcohol Intake

Lin

Chen

Cao

et al. 2021

Foods

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The potential effects of Auricularia auricula melanin (AAM) on the intestinal flora and liver metabolome in mice exposed to alcohol intake were investigated for the first time. The results showed that oral administration of AAM significantly reduced the abnormal elevation of serum total triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and significantly inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in mice exposed to alcohol intake. Besides, the abnormally high levels of bile acids (BAs) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the liver of mice with alcohol intake were significantly decreased by AAM intervention, while the hepatic levels of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were appreciably increased. Compared with the model group, AAM supplementation significantly changed the composition of intestinal flora and up-regulated the levels of Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, Romboutsia, Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, etc. Furthermore, liver metabolomics demonstrated that AAM had a significant regulatory effect on the composition of liver metabolites in mice with alcohol intake, especially the metabolites involved in phosphatidylinositol signaling system, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. At the gene level, AAM treatment regulated the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism and inflammatory response related genes in liver, including ACC-1, FASn, CPT-1, CD36, IFN-γ, LDLr and TNF-α. Conclusively, these findings suggest that AAM has potential beneficial effects on alleviating alcohol-induced liver injury and is expected to become a new functional food ingredient.

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Section: Effects Of Aam On the Liver Metabolomic Profiling In Model Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Auricularia auricula Melanin Protects against Alcoholic Liver Injury and Modulates Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Mice Exposed to Alcohol Intake

Lin

Chen

Cao

et al. 2021

Foods

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“… 62 In special circumstances, such as pharmacological stimuli, oxidative stress, viral infections and dietary demands, ER homeostasis can disrupt and create an ER stress phenomenon 63 that causes abnormalities in insulin action, inflammatory responses, lipoprotein B100 degradation and hepatic lipogenesis. 64 Three ER transmembrane sensors, inositol-requiring protein 1, protein kinase-like ER kinase and activating transcription factor 6, are activated by the glucose-regulated protein 78 required for folding of proteins in the ER. Tunicamycin, cow milk casein or oxidative stress induce acute ER stress, 65 , 66 while overfeeding of fatty acids, cholesterol and fructose, due to the produced obesity and insulin resistance, induce chronic ER stress that is not fully restored.…”

Section: Srebps In Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of SREBPs in Liver Diseases: A Mini-review

Moslehi¹,

Hamidizad²

2018

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

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114

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Sterol regulator element binding proteins (SREBPs) are a family of transcription factors involved in the biogenesis of cholesterol, fatty acids and triglycerides. They also regulate physiological functions of many organs, such as thyroid, brain, heart, pancreas and hormone synthesis. Beside the physiological effects, SREBPs participate in some pathological processes, diabetes, endoplasmic reticulum stress, atherosclerosis and chronic kidney disease associated with SREBP expression changes. In the liver, SREBPs are involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis and hepatic cancer. There are several SREBP inhibitors that have potential for treating obesity, diabetes and cancer. This review assesses the recent findings about the roles of SREBPs in the physiology of organs’ function and pathogenesis of liver diseases.

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“…Accumulation of several hepatic lipids has been observed in the livers of mice treated with tunicamycin (a classic ERS inducer), which can induce phosphorylation of PERK, increase the expression levels of Chop and Grp78 and inhibit the expression of ApoB100 [50]. As shown in a study by Shen C et al, palmitic acid is likely to cause hepatic lipotoxicity by activating the TLR4-IRE1α pathway.…”

Section: Activation Of Er Stress In Patients With Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During ERS, accumulation of excess misfolded proteins due to the limited compensatory capacity of the ER to clear misfolded proteins can activate autophagy [55]. Activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 pathway and the IRE1-JNK pathway promotes autophagy, which ensures, to some extent, normal energy metabolism and immune responses in cells, ultimately promoting cell survival [50]. Autophagy reduces the level of ERS mainly by removing the ER membrane portion containing the UPR sensor and clearing abnormal proteins in the ER [55].…”

Section: Activation Of Er Stress In Patients With Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual interaction between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Wang¹,

He²,

Tsai

et al. 2020

Lipids Health Dis

103

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic syndrome. Imbalances between liver lipid output and input are the direct causes of NAFLD, and hepatic steatosis is the pathological premise and basis for NAFLD progression. Mutual interaction between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress play important roles in NAFLD pathogenesis. Notably, mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) act as a structural bridges for functional clustering of molecules, particularly for Ca 2+ , lipids, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) exchange. Previous studies have examined the crucial roles of ERS and ROS in NAFLD and have shown that MAM structural and functional integrity determines normal ER-mitochondria communication. Upon disruption of MAM integrity, miscommunication directly or indirectly causes imbalances in Ca2+ homeostasis and increases ERS and oxidative stress. Here, we emphasize the involvement of MAMs in glucose and lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in NAFLD and summarize MAM-targeting drugs and compounds, most of which achieve their therapeutic or ameliorative effects on NAFLD by improving MAM integrity. Therefore, targeting MAMs may be a viable strategy for NAFLD treatment. This review provides new ideas and key points for basic NAFLD research and drug development centred on mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum.

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The Effect of Amygdalin on Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Mice

Abstract: Conclusion: Amygdalin improved the ALT, AST, and lipid serum levels after the TM challenge; however, it could not attenuate hepatic steatosis.

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Auricularia auricula Melanin Protects against Alcoholic Liver Injury and Modulates Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Mice Exposed to Alcohol Intake

Auricularia auricula Melanin Protects against Alcoholic Liver Injury and Modulates Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Mice Exposed to Alcohol Intake

Role of SREBPs in Liver Diseases: A Mini-review

Mutual interaction between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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