The effect of <i>Myrtus communis</i> oil extract on growth performance, serum biochemistry and humoral immune responses in broiler chicks fed diet containing aflatoxin B1

Abstract

Abstract. A study was conducted to investigate the capability of Myrtus communis essential oil (MCE) in counteracting the deleterious effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on growth performance, serum biochemistry and humoral immune responses in broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, 300 day-old male chicks were assigned to four treatments with five replicates of 15 birds for 42 days. Chickens, up to day 7 of age, were fed the same diet and then, they were fed the experimental diets. The dietary treatments were 1) the negative control (no dietary aflatoxin or MCE), 2) the positive control (diet containing AFB1 at 0.5 mg/kg, without MCE), 3) diet containing AFB1 at 0.5 mg/kg plus 500 mg/kg MCE, and 4) basal diet containing 500 mg/kg MCE, without AFB1. Growth performance was measured from day 7 to 42. Serum biochemical parameters, organ weights on day 42 and the antibody titers against Newcastle and influenza viruses on day 28 of age were determined. Addition of aflatoxin to diet decreased (P<0.05) the weight gain and feed intake and MCE supplementation diminished (P<0.05) the inhibitory effects of AFB1 on the growth performance. Addition of AFB1 to diet of chicks increased the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and decreased the antibody titers against Newcastle and influenza viruses. Addition of MCE to diet alleviated the negative effects of AFB1 on these parameters (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that addition of MCE may reduce the adverse effects of AFB1 on broiler chickens.

Effects of thymol and carvacrol supplementation on intestinal integrity and immune responses of broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens

“…We observed that dietary supplementation of 120 and 240 mg/kg EO significantly increased the serum NDV antibody titers compared with the basal diet or diet with 60 mg/kg EO in the challenged birds. This was consistent with previous studies, which demonstrated that dietary supplementation of EO enhanced the specific immune responses in broilers and laying hens [ 14 , 46 , 47 ]. As the most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in mucosal secretions, sIgA is the fundamental effector to mucosal immunity.…”

Effects of aflatoxin B1 alone or co-administered with Mycotox NG on performance and humoral immunity of turkey broilers.

“…Mycosorbents are able to bind aflatoxin molecules in the gastrointestinal tract and thus, to reduce their absorption by domestic fowl. The results agree with data from other studies with mycosorbents as clinoptiolite (Oguz et al, 2003), hydrated calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), sodium bentonite, montmorillonite (Ologhobo et al, 2015), essential oils (Saei et al, 2013), antioxidants (resveratrol) (Sridhar et al, 2015) and probiotics (Zuo et al, 2013).…”

“…Reduced feed utilisation is also a result from the decreased activity of a number of enzymes involved in carbohydrate, proteins, nucleic acids conversion, to reduced intake or nutritional deficiency (Makinia, 2014). On the other hand, the lower feed intake is attributed to increased blood ammonia concentrations following reduced glomerular filtration rate (Saei et al, 2013). The lower weight gain is due to reduced protein synthesis rate, impaired lipogenesis, reduced protein and lipid utilisation from feeds, enhanced faecal excretion of lipids.…”

Japon bıldırcını rasyonlarına Murt uçucu yağı (Myrtus communis) ilavesinin Lipopolysaccharide uyarımlı inflamasyonda büyüme, yem tüketimi, karkas, bazı kan ve doku özellikleri üzerine etkileri

“…In addition, especially on the 33rd day of the study, it was determined that the body weight value of the quails in the M and MLPS groups was significantly lower than the control and LPS group quails (P<0.05). However, it was reported that the addition of murt oil to Japanese quail feed (1000 mg/kg/day, Biricik et al 2012) and broiler feed (500 mg/kg, Sadeghi et al 2013;Goudarzi et al 2016) had a positive effect as a potential growth promoter. Animal performance characteristics and the dose difference of the herbal antioxidant added to the basal diet can be expressed as an important reason for the differences in the study results.…”