Effects of aflatoxin B1 alone or co-administered with Mycotox NG on performance and humoral immunity of turkey broilers.

Abstract

The contamination of poultry feeds with aflatoxins is a global problem responsible for considerable losses to poultry industry. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of aflatoxin B 1 and Mycotox NG, applied either independently or together, on performance, relative weights of visceral organs and antibody titres against Newcastle disease in turkey broilers. Experiments of 42-day duration were carried out with sixty 7-day-old female turkey broilers (meat TM strain) divided into one control and five treatment groups (n=10): Group І -control (fed standard feed according to the species and age of birds); Group II -experimental, whose feed was supplemented with 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG, Group ІІI -experimental, whose feed contained 0.2 mg/kg aflatoxin В 1 , Group IVexperimental, whose feed contained 0.4 mg/kg aflatoxin В 1 , Group V -experimental, supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg aflatoxin В 1 and 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG and Group VI -experimental, supplemented with 0.4 mg/kg aflatoxin В 1 and 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG. In Groups III and IV, production traits (live body weight, daily weight gain, feed intake) as well as antibody titres were reduced along with increased feed conversion and relative weights of liver, kidneys, heart, pancreas, proventriculus and gizzard. At the same time, relative weights of the spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were statistically significantly lower. The supplementation of the feed of Groups V and VI with 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG reduced and prevented some of deleterious effects of AFB 1 on production traits, antibody titres and relative weights of visceral organs.

In Vitro Studies on Gastrointestinal Monogastric and Avian Models to Evaluate the Binding Efficacy of Mycotoxin adsorbents by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…The inter-layer characteristics known as 2:1 Phyllosilicate clay are made up of an octahedral sheet sandwiched as a planar structure between two tetrahedral sheets. Several reports have shown that 2:1 clay represents one of the most powerful prevention of aflatoxicosis in livestock [20,21,23,31–33]. This could be because the planar molecule of aflatoxin can easily penetrate and bind into the interlayer of the planar 2:1 phyllosilicate clay structure.…”

Calcination Enhances the Aflatoxin and Zearalenone Binding Efficiency of a Tunisian Clay

“…Several reports have shown that adding phyllosilicate clay supplements to animal feed represents one of the most powerful prevention strategies for aflatoxicosis in livestock [21,55,56,57]. Heat treatment may alter the adsorbing properties of the clays, however, this has not been investigated much with respect to mycotoxins so far.…”

A Focus on Aflatoxins in Feedstuffs: Levels of Contamination, Prevalence, Control Strategies, and Impacts on Animal Health

“…Trebak et al reported listlessness, anorexia [72]; other symptoms include poor feed utilization, stunted growth, decrease weight gain [73,74]; reduced egg weight and production. High levels of aflatoxins in broilers and turkeys cause hepatomegaly, fatty degeneration, fatty liver, bile conduct proliferation, periportal fibrosis, renal petechiations, tubular nephrosis, interstitial nephritis, and splenic atrophy [67,75].…”