The effect of air temperature, velocity and humidity on respiration rate and rectal temperature as an expression of heat stress in gestating sows

Brandt, Pia; Bjerg, Bjarne; Pedersen, Poul; Sørensen, K.B.; Rong, Li; Huang, Tao; Zhang, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103142

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…There was no significant change in the rectal temperature, oestrus rate, ovulation rate and conception rate of sows under high temperature of 30-33.3°C and relative humidity of 80% Brandt et al (2022) The increase of relative humidity from 50% to 70% was equivalent to the increase of effective temperature by 0.9°C in sow houses Wegner et al (2016) Under high THI of 75-84, there was no difference in the stillborn piglet number prior to and on the day of farrowing within 15 days after mating, but the number of liveborn piglets and weaned piglets was reduced by 0.01-0.03 Chen et al (2020) The lactation performance and antioxidant status of sows exposed to high THI were partially improved when Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products were added in their diet F I G U R E 5 Changes of the stillborn and liveborn piglet number prior to and on the day of farrowing under high temperature and humidity index. of gilts may be mainly caused by the light time of 9-15 h and this negative effect was more serious when gilts were exposed the high temperature of more than 28°C (Tummaruk, 2013, Iida & Koketsu, 2013a, 2013b, Lemoine, 2013, De Rensis et al, 2017.…”

Section: Adi Et Al (2022)mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…However, the decrease of sow feed intake and weight gain was more significantly affected by relative humidity under the high temperature of more than 27.5°C. Brandt et al (2022) further found that the increase of relative humidity from 50% to 70% was equivalent to the increase of effective temperature by 0.9°C in sow houses. Meanwhile, Wegner et al (2016) studied the changes of stillborn and liveborn piglet number prior to and on the day of farrowing, as well as the weaned piglet number on the day of farrowing and post‐farrowing under high temperature and humidity index (THI), as shown in Figures 5 and 6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…the high temperature of more than 27.5°C Brandt et al (2022). further found that increase of relative humidity from 50% to 70% was equivalent to the increase of effective temperature by 0.9°C in sow houses.…”

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confidence: 80%

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A review on the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses on sow reproduction and welfare

Xie

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The environment in sow houses is the key to restrict sow production due to its significant effect on sow growth and reproduction. In this article, the effect of light, thermal and light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses is systematically reviewed for sow reproduction and welfare according to the existing literature. The results show the optimal ambient temperature range for sows is approximately 16–22°C, as well as the lowest and highest critical temperature are 16 and 27°C respectively. Meanwhile, the increase of relative humidity from 50% to 70% is equivalent to the increase of effective temperature by 0.9°C in sow houses. In addition, the evaluation indexes are summarized to the future research direction is proposed according to the reviewed results. It can be concluded that the current research mainly focuses on the effect mechanism of light–thermal–humidity environment on sow growth and reproductive performance, as well as the optimal regulation range of light–thermal–humidity environment. In particular, it is a popular topic to further study the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment on the genetic material of sows, as well as metabolic parameters and body composition of their offspring. The above conclusions can contribute to guiding the regulation of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses and improving the sow welfare.

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Section: Adi Et Al (2022)mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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A review on the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses on sow reproduction and welfare

Xie

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Lechner [79] indicated that a higher air velocity can reduce the air temperature in space. A reduction in the effective temperature of 1.2 °C was observed as the air velocity increased from 0.2 to 1.0 ms −1 [80]. Moreover, regarding human thermal comfort, ASHRAE 55-2017 [64] highlights that the highest acceptable air velocity is 1.2 This effect can be even more critical in a tropical climate such as that of Malaysia with a very high relative humidity throughout the year.…”

Section: Special Collections Roommentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Criteria Evaluation of a Library’s Indoor Environmental Quality in the Tropics

Aflaki,

Esfandiari,

Jarrahi

2023

Buildings

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The indoor environmental quality of a library greatly affects the comfort and productivity of its users while preserving the materials. Despite the high energy consumption of HVACs in libraries, achieving acceptable thermal conditions, acceptable acoustics, and sufficient daylight levels for users remains a challenge. There are limited studies on the IEQ of educational buildings, especially regarding the current situation of libraries. It is important to conduct further studies to define design guidelines promoting indoor environmental conditions. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the IEQ of Zaba Library at the University of Malaya and to recommend retrofitting strategies. The IEQ parameters in Nadir’s room, which houses special collections, and in the library hall were assessed using a full-scale measurement, with eight HOBO data loggers and sensors deployed in various locations to monitor IEQ. A comparison of the results with the standards revealed that Nadir’s room was unsuitable for maintaining rare collections, as the average indoor air temperature exceeded 21.2 °C, which is beyond the threshold limit. Additionally, the relative humidity ranged from 51.3% to 55.8%, which is marginally high. To provide acceptable indoor conditions, this study recommends retrofitting strategies for the exterior walls, such as using cement plaster with a low thermal conductivity. In the library hall, the reading zone was found to be thermally uncomfortable. The air velocity was below the range of 0.15 ms−1 to 0.50 ms−1 recommended by MS 1525. The average CO2 level was 479.5 ppm, with some points registering an increase of up to 588 ppm. The noise level in the library hall ranged between 43 dB(A) and 61 dB(A), while the light intensity was below 300 lux in the reading area, which is not within the acceptable range. This study suggests improvement solutions, such as implementing an air temperature between 24.5 and 26.5 °C for higher thermal comfort and increasing the window-to-wall ratio to utilize natural daylight. These findings provide insights into the design of new libraries and the renovation of existing ones, ensuring that libraries continue to serve as vibrant centers of knowledge and learning for generations to come.

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“…Similarly, for weaners of ~30 kg, the category of pigs typically transported long distances in Europe, only very limited information exists about heat stress during transport (Aver os et al, 2010). The predominant physiological responses measured as indicators of heat stress in pigs under experimental conditionsoften involving respiration chambers (Noblet et al, 1989;Tauson et al, 1998) or temperature chambers (Brandt et al, 2022) are respiration rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) (as reviewed by Mayorga et al, 2019). Some focus has been given to indicators of productivity, such as voluntary feed intake or average daily gain (Huynh et al, 2005), and more recently, also behavioural indicators have been included.…”

Section: E) Identification Of Microclimatic Conditions To Protect Pig...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of pigs during transport

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of the animal welfare legislation. The present Opinion deals with protection of pigs during transport. The welfare of pigs during transport by road is the main focus, but other means of transport are also covered. Current practices related to transport of pigs during the different stages (preparation, loading/unloading, transit and journey breaks) are described. Overall, 10 welfare consequences were identified as highly relevant for the welfare of pigs during transport based on the severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: group stress, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, restriction of movement, resting problems and sensory overstimulation. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified, mainly relating to factors such as mixing of unfamiliar pigs, inappropriate handling methods and devices, the use of pick-up pens, inexperienced/untrained handlers, structural deficiencies of vehicles and facilities, poor driving conditions, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices leading to these welfare consequences. The Opinion contains general and specific conclusions relating to the different stages of transport of pigs. Recommendations to prevent hazards and to correct or mitigate welfare consequences are made. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions and minimum space allowance within means of transport. The development of the welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey duration. The Opinion covers specific animal transport scenarios identified by the European Commission relating to transport of cull sows and 'special health status animals', and lists welfare concerns associated with these.

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The effect of air temperature, velocity and humidity on respiration rate and rectal temperature as an expression of heat stress in gestating sows

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

A review on the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses on sow reproduction and welfare

A review on the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses on sow reproduction and welfare

Multi-Criteria Evaluation of a Library’s Indoor Environmental Quality in the Tropics

Welfare of pigs during transport

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