The effect of ageing on the recollection of emotional and neutral pictures

Comblain, Christine; D’Argembeau, Arnaud; Linden, Martial Van der; Aldenhoff, Laurence

doi:10.1080/09658210344000477

Cited by 138 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…These findings are consistent with previous studies that investigated the influence of emotion on the recall or recognition of pictures similar to those used in the present study (e.g., Bradley, Greenwald, Petry, & Lang, 1992;Comblain et al, 2004;Dolcos, LaBar, & Cabeza, 2004;Hamann, Ely, Grafton, & Kilts, 1999;Ochsner, 2000). This difference in item memory between emotional and neutral pictures may involve mechanisms such as enhanced attention to, and hence encoding of, emotional items as well as enhanced consolidation or storage of emotional items, mechanisms that are thought to be underlain by a specific neuro-hormonal system (McGaugh & Cahill, 2003;Phelps, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In addition, memory for temporal information was better for negative than for positive pictures. Earlier studies that used stimuli from the IAPS found that negative pictures were richly recollected (as assessed by "remember" responses) more often than positive ones (Comblain et al, 2004;Ochsner, 2000), which is consistent with our findings. However, using words as stimuli, we found in a previous study that memory for color information and spatial location was as those included in the IAPS are known to elicit significant levels of emotional arousal (e.g., Bradley, Codispoti, Cuthbert, & Lang, 2001), which may in turn enhance memory (McGaugh & Cahill, 2003), whereas emotional words typically do not elicit much emotional arousal (except for specific types of words such as "taboo words"; and may instead influence memory because their affective meaning makes them more semantically related (e.g., Maratos, Allan, & Rugg, 2000;Phelps et al, 1998) or more distinctive (Dewhurst & Parry, 2000) relative to neutral words.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

D’Argembeau

Linden

2005

Emotion

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Contextual information, such as color and spatial location, has been found to be better remembered for emotional than for neutral items. The current study examined whether the influence of emotion extends to memory for another fundamental feature of episodic memory: temporal information. Results from a list-discrimination paradigm showed that (a) item memory was enhanced for both negative and positive pictures compared with neutral ones and was better for negative than for positive pictures and (b) temporal information was better remembered for negative than for positive and neutral pictures, whereas positive and neutral pictures did not differ from each other. These findings are discussed in relation to the processes involved in memory for temporal information.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

D’Argembeau

Linden

2005

Emotion

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“…Moreover, although some studies have found that emotion enhances correct recognition accuracy (e.g., Ochsner, 2000), a number of others found no advantage for emotional material (Comblain, D'Argembeau, Van der Linden, & Aldenhoff, 2004;Pesta et al, 2001;Windmann & Kutas, 2001), and still others have found lower recognition accuracy for negative than neutral words (Maratos, Allen, & Rugg, 2000). Our findings add to the growing consensus that when pure-list designs are used, negative-emotional material does not enjoy an advantage in true recall or recognition relative to neutral words.…”

Section: Recognitionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Valence and the development of immediate and long-term false memory illusions

Howe

Candel

Otgaar

et al. 2010

Memory

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. and children's (Experiment 2) true recall and recognition was better for neutral than negative items and although false recall was also higher for neutral items, false recognition was higher for negative items. The last three experiments examined adults' (Experiment 3) and children's (Experiments 4 and 5) one-week long-term recognition of neutral and negative-emotional information. The results replicated the immediate recall and recognition findings from the first two experiments. More important, these experiments showed that although true recognition decreased over the one-week interval, false recognition of neutral items remained unchanged whereas false recognition of negative-emotional items increased. These findings are discussed in terms of theories of emotion and memory as well as their forensic implications. Permanent repository linkKeywords: Valence and memory; False memory development; DRM paradigmValence and the Development of Immediate and Long-Term False Memory Illusions Our memory is a reconstructive process in which errors often occur (for an overview see Koriat, Goldsmith, & Pansky, 2000). That means that we might falsely remember details that we in fact did not encounter. In recent years, the development of false memories has been extensively studied with the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm (Deese, 1959;Roediger & McDermott, 1995). Using this paradigm, participants are presented with word lists that consist of close semantic associates of a non-presented critical lure. For example, a list might consist of the words door, glass, pane, shade, ledge, sill, house, open, curtain, frame, view, breeze, sash, screen, and shutter which are all related to the non-presented word window. Studies have shown that participants have the tendency to falsely recall and recognize the critical lures during subsequent memory tests (for an overview see Gallo, 2006). Another robust finding obtained with the DRM paradigm is a reverse age effect. Specifically, studies have shown that the development of spontaneous false memories increases as a function of age (e.g., Brainerd, Reyna, & Brandse, 1995;Howe, 2005Howe, , 2006Howe, , 2008Sugrue & Hayne, 2006). The low levels of spontaneous false memories found in young children may be due to a failure to automatically access associative relations between list items and the critical lure (associative-activation theory, or AAT, e.g., Howe, 2005Howe, , 2008Howe, Gagnon, & Thouas, 2008;Howe, Wimmer, & Blease, 2009a;Howe, Wimmer, Gagnon, & Plumpton, 2009b) or to extract gist memories across words on DRM lists (fuzzy-trace theory, or FTT, e.g., Brainerd & Reyna, 2005).Despite the robust findings produced by the DRM paradigm, researchers have questioned the ecological validity of this paradigm (Freyd & Gleaves, 1996). One concern raised by Freyd and Gleaves is that in real world scenarios false memories often involve emotional events. To address this concer...

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“…On the other hand, contrary to this hypothesis, there was no age by emotional valence interaction for item errors. Some previous studies exploring the positivity bias in LTM experiments also did not observe a differential positivity effect in elderly participants relative to young participants (Comblain, D"Argembeau, Van der Linden, & Aldenhoff, 2004;Denburg, Buchanan, Tranel, & Adolphs, 2003;Kensinger et al, 2002). It should be noted that the (lack of) age-related differences that was observed in this study is difficult to interpret because the two groups differed in terms of positive affect (as assessed by PANAS questionnaire), the young group rating higher on the positive dimension than the elderly group .…”

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confidence: 99%

Verbal short-term memory reflects the organization of long-term memory: Further evidence from short-term memory for emotional words

Majerus

D’Argembeau

2011

Journal of Memory and Language

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Many studies suggest that long-term lexical-semantic knowledge is an important determinant of verbal short-term memory (STM) performance. This study explored the impact of emotional valence on word immediate serial recall as a further lexico-semantic long-term memory (LTM) effect on STM. This effect is particularly interesting for the study of STM-LTM interactions since emotional words not only activate specific lexico-semantic LTM features but also capture attentional resources, and hence allow for the study of both LTM and attentional factors on STM tasks. In Experiments 1 and 2, we observed a robust effect of emotional valence on pure list recall in both young and elderly adults, with higher recall performance for emotional lists as opposed to neutral lists, as predicted by increased LTM support for emotional words. In Experiments 3 and 4 however, using mixed lists, it was the lists containing a minority of emotional words which led to higher recall performance over lists containing a majority of emotional words. This was predicted by a weak version of the attentional capture account. These data add new evidence to the theoretical position that LTM knowledge is a critical determinant of STM performance, with further, list-type dependent intervention of attentional factors. words 3There is a substantial body of research showing that verbal short-term memory (STM) is not an autonomous cognitive function, but instead recruits linguistic knowledge bases to a very large extent. The present study explored a further potential long-term memory (LTM) effect on STM performance, the impact of emotional-semantic knowledge associated with emotional words. The impact of verbal LTM on STMMany studies show that the linguistic properties of the words, such as lexical status, lexical frequency, phonotactic frequency, word imageability, have a direct impact on their recall probability during a STM task (Gathercole, Frankish, Pickering & Peaker, 1999;Hulme et al., 1997;Majerus & Van der Linden, 2003;Roodenrys, Hulme, Alban, & Ellis, 1994;Walker & Hulme, 1999). The most prototypical effect is the lexicality effect, characterized by higher recall performance for lists composed of familiar words, as opposed to lists composed of nonwords (e.g., Gathercole et al., 1999;Hulme, Maughan & Brown, 1991).These effects have been shown to be independent of articulatory rehearsal factors (e.g., Gathercole et al., 1999;Hulme et al., 1991). The existence of these psycholinguistic effects has been interpreted as reflecting the influence of phonological, lexical and semantic language representations stored in LTM on verbal STM (Hulme et al., 1991). On the one hand, this LTM support is supposed to function at the level of retrieval, when the decayed STM traced is reconstructed via corresponding LTM representations: the more available and familiar these representations are, the more efficient these reconstruction processes will be (the so-called redintegration process) (Hulme et al., 1997;Gathercole et al., 1999;Schweickert, 1993). Other th...

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The effect of ageing on the recollection of emotional and neutral pictures

Cited by 138 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

Valence and the development of immediate and long-term false memory illusions

Verbal short-term memory reflects the organization of long-term memory: Further evidence from short-term memory for emotional words

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