The effect of age on task switching: updated and extended meta-analyses

Chen, En-Ho; Hsieh, Shulan

doi:10.1007/s00426-023-01794-z

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Thus, the critical phase of shifting attention between mental representations in working memory is different in interruptions than in task switching. Overall, the demands on the cognitive system are different, making it difficult to transfer previous findings on task switching in higher age (which are quite heterogeneous according to a recent meta-analysis; Chen and Hsieh, 2023 ), to interruptions. However, as a similar phenomenon in both interruption and switching tasks there are so-called restart costs that are larger in older than younger adults (e.g., Enriquez-Geppert and Barceló, 2018 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Age-related Changes: Examples From Everyday Life ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cognitive aging at work and in daily life—a narrative review on challenges due to age-related changes in central cognitive functions

et al. 2023

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Demographic change is leading to an increasing proportion of older employees in the labor market. At the same time, work activities are becoming more and more complex and require a high degree of flexibility, adaptability, and cognitive performance. Cognitive control mechanism, which is subject to age-related changes and is important in numerous everyday and work activities, plays a special role. Executive functions with its core functions updating, shifting, and inhibition comprises cognitive control mechanisms that serve to plan, coordinate, and achieve higher-level goals especially in inexperienced and conflicting actions. In this review, influences of age-related changes in cognitive control are demonstrated with reference to work and real-life activities, in which the selection of an information or response in the presence of competing but task-irrelevant stimuli or responses is particularly required. These activities comprise the understanding of spoken language under difficult listening conditions, dual-task walking, car driving in critical traffic situations, and coping with work interruptions. Mechanisms for compensating age-related limitations in cognitive control and their neurophysiological correlates are discussed with a focus on EEG measures. The examples illustrate how to access influences of age and cognitive control on and in everyday and work activities, focusing on its functional role for the work ability and well-being of older people.

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Section: Effects Of Age-related Changes: Examples From Everyday Life ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cognitive aging at work and in daily life—a narrative review on challenges due to age-related changes in central cognitive functions

et al. 2023

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“…Switch costs were also increased for older adults, but this difference disappeared with log(RT), that is, when controlling for general slowing. This means that, although older adults do display larger switch costs, there appears to be no "real" age-related impairment in the shifting of attention itself (for a meta-analysis of age-related effects, see Wasylyshyn et al, 2011; see also Chen & Hsieh, 2023, for a recent meta-analysis).…”

Section: Ermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, modality switch costs were observed when participants needed to switch between modalities from trial to trial, compared to when they could attend to the same modality twice in a row (Lukas et al, 2010b). Many studies highlight an age-related impairment in inhibiting certain modalities, stressing how crucial the role of modalities is in age-related distraction (Chen & Hsieh, 2023;Juncos-Rabadàn et al, 2008;Pick & Proctor, 1999). Generally, modality-related switch costs can be interpreted as an activation bias towards the relevant modality of a stimulus, with this bias requiring greater activation in switch trials than in repetition trials, thus requiring more time to orient our attention to the target stimulus in the switch trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of aging on crossmodal attention switching

Schils,

Koch,

Huang

et al. 2024

Psychological Research

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Previous studies on crossmodal visual-auditory attention switching using a spatial discrimination task showed performance costs when the target modality changed relative to when it repeated. The present study (n = 42 for each age group) examined age-related changes in crossmodal attention switching by asking young (age range 19 to 30 years old) and older (age range 64 to 80 years old) participants to respond to unimodal central cues and bimodal lateralized stimuli. The participants’ task was to indicate the location of the target in the relevant modality using button presses. Results showed general attention switch costs. Additionally, we found no specific age-related increase of attention switch costs (no difference in performance between switch and repetition of target modality), but age-related increased mixing costs (decreased performance for repetition in modality-mixed condition compared to single target modality). Moreover, spatial distraction produced a crossmodal congruency effect, which was only slightly larger in older adults. Taken together, age-related increased mixing costs suggest a general difficulty with maintaining more than one task, but no specific age-related crossmodal impairment in crossmodal attention switching.

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Beiträge der Entwicklungspsychologie für die Einzelfallbeurteilung

Grünjes,

Stahlhofen

2024

Psychologische Begutachtung

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The effect of age on task switching: updated and extended meta-analyses

Cited by 7 publications

References 110 publications

Cognitive aging at work and in daily life—a narrative review on challenges due to age-related changes in central cognitive functions

Cognitive aging at work and in daily life—a narrative review on challenges due to age-related changes in central cognitive functions

Impact of aging on crossmodal attention switching

Beiträge der Entwicklungspsychologie für die Einzelfallbeurteilung

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