The effect of aeration on the biotransformation of lignocellulosic wastes by white-rot fungi

Effect of inoculating white-rot fungus during different phases on the compost maturity of agricultural wastes

“…The increasing trend of these parameters indicated that HA became the main fraction of HE during composting. The changes of these humification indices were similar to those in various wastes [12][13]28,30,31]. Especially, the degree of polymerisation (DP) underwent a very significant increase.…”

“…Physical characteristics such as color, odor and temperature give a general idea of the decomposition stage reached [8]. Chemical methods are widely used, including measurements of the C/N ratio in the solid phase and in water extract, inorganic nitrogen, the cation exchange capacity, as well as the degree of organic matter humification [10][11][12][13]. In addition, compost maturity can be assessed by microbial stability by measuring enzyme activity, O 2 consumption or CO 2 production [9,14].…”

Organic matter transformation and detoxification in dry olive mill residue by the saprophytic fungus Paecilomyces farinosus

“…By contrast, both cellulose and hemicellulose contents were partially reduced in DOR that had been colonized by the mycelium for 20 weeks. The compact structure and the subsequent scarce porosity of DOR [33] might account for the failure of the fungus to degrade lignin, the breakdown of which is predominantly an oxygen-dependent process [19,35]. To investigate whether the failure of the fungus in degrading lignin might be due to structural reasons, TMAH-Py-GC MS analyses of the bulk waste were performed.…”

“…For instance, Paecilomyces inflatus strains, isolated from distinct ecological niches, generally exhibited a cellulolytic behaviour when they were allowed to colonize either annual or woody plant residues [9]. The microbial conversion of lignocellulosic residues might lead to the formation of several OM fractions, some of which may be assigned to humic substances, having lignin as the main core [19,40]. In P. farinosus cultures on DOR, the humic carbon content increased over incubation time although no apparent lignin degradation had taken place.…”

“…Samples were ashed at 600 8C for 12 h and organic matter (OM) obtained by subtracting ash content from the whole sample weight [19]. OM losses (%) were calculated from the ash contents of both abiotic control (X 1 ) and corresponding fungal-treated DOR (X 2 ) according to the following equation [6]:…”