The Economics of Immigration

Bodvarsson, Örn B.; Berg, Hendrik Van den

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-2116-0

“…On the demand side, we must gain a better understanding of labor market needs and immigration effects in the context of population aging and a shrinking working age population. Finally, some authors suggest that temporary and circular migration may constitute a better policy option in dealing with the demographic transition in the developed world (Bodvarsson and Van den Berg, 2009). It should be noted, however, that return migration may also decrease the discounted contribution of high-skilled middle-aged immigrants (Storesletten, 2000).…”

Section: Conclusion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and the Demographic Shift

Zaiceva

¹

,

Zimmermann

²

2016

Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. This chapter connects population aging with international migration. After documenting the trends for both, we review the supply-push and demand-pull determinants of migration, focusing particularly on the role of age and aging. We subsequently discuss the literature concerning the implications of migration in the context of aging for labor markets, health and public budgets including the political economy context. Although immigration is sometimes suggested as a solution for the aging problem, the existing academic literature from different fields is more cautious about its role and potential. While large-scale selective immigration might contribute to alleviating demographic pressures, it is unlikely that immigration will increase to the unrealistically large numbers needed.JEL Classification: F22, F66, J11, J14, J61, O15

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“…Recent research on the economics of immigrants provides several well-established analytical frameworks and theoretical models to analyse immigrants' labour market performance (Borjas 1989;Bodvarsson & Berg 2013;Bansak et al 2015). Included among these are the model of family decisionmaking in immigration elaborated by Mincer (1978), the models of positive self-selection of immigrants based on the human capital theory elaborated by Borjas (1987;, and the model of immigration driven by relative income elaborated by Stark and Taylor (1991).…”

Section: Existing Literature On the Labour Market Performance Of Humamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most standard immigration models assume that people immigrate according to their free will and conscious choice about moving from one country to another (Bodvarsson & Berg 2013). For these standard models, the main driving force of immigration centres on the differences in wages and career opportunities between the source and destination countries.…”

Section: Existing Literature On the Labour Market Performance Of Humamentioning

confidence: 99%

Labour Force Participation and Employment of Humanitarian Migrants: Evidence from the Building a New Life in Australia Longitudinal Data

Cheng

¹

,

Wang

²

,

Taksa

³

2017

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThis study uses the longitudinal data from the Building a New Life in Australia survey to examine the relationships between human capital and labour market participation and employment status among recently arrived/approved humanitarian migrants. It includes attention to the heterogeneity of labour force participation and employment status across genders and also migration pathways. We find that the likelihood of participating in the labour force is higher for those who had preimmigration paid job experience, completed study/job training and have job searching knowledge/skills in Australia and possess higher proficiency in spoken English. We find that the chance of getting a paid job is negatively related to having better pre-immigration education, but it is positively related to having unpaid work experience and job searching skills in Australia, and better health.

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“…The preferred destination is a densely inhabited territory where more and better opportunities are present. Distance represents a proxy for direct or indirect migration costs (see, for instance, Bodvarsson and Van den Berg 2009).…”

Section: The Statistical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%