The Economic Impact of Payments for Water-related Ecosystem Services on Protected Areas: a Synthetic Control Analysis

Zhang, Jianmei; Zhu, Jiwei; Liu, Yu; Lü, Nan; Fang, Wenxing

doi:10.1007/s11269-022-03099-z

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Overall, the SCM performed well, demonstrating its application and value in environmental conservation, which has been limited to deforestation reduction and water conservation programs to date (e.g., Sills et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2022). Most analyses were valid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An impact evaluation of conservation investments targeting long‐distance migratory species

Donlan,

Eusse‐González,

Luque

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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We evaluated the impact of a philanthropic program investing in the conservation of sites along the Pacific Americas Flyway, which spans >16,000 km of coastline and is used by millions of shorebirds. Using a quasi‐experimental, mixed methods approach, we estimated what would have happened to shorebird populations at 17 sites without the sustained and additional investment they received. Using the synthetic control method, we failed to find evidence of an overall effect across three outcome variables. Species‐ and site‐level effects were heterogeneous, with a few cases showing some evidence of a positive effect, including a site with a high level of overall investment. Results suggest six shorebirds are declining across the entire Flyway, including at many Latin American sites. However, the percentage of Flyway populations present at the sites has remained stable, with a greater percentage at the treatment sites (i.e., investment sites). Multiple mechanisms are possible for our results, including that investments have yet to mitigate impacts and negative impacts at other sites are driving declines at the treatment sites. A limitation of our evaluation is the sole focus on shorebird abundance and lack of data that prohibited the inclusion of other outcome variables. Monitoring infrastructure is now in place to design a more robust and a priori shorebird evaluation framework across the entire Flyway. With this framework, it will prove easier to prioritize limited dollars to result in the most positive conservation outcomes.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

An impact evaluation of conservation investments targeting long‐distance migratory species

Donlan,

Eusse‐González,

Luque

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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“…China also implemented the payment policy for water-related ESs in the 'South-to-North Water Diversion Project' in the EP zone, which has also resulted in a winwin effect, reducing ecological damage and increasing the per capita GDP in the protection zone (J. Zhang, Zhu, et al, 2022). Danjiangkou…”

Section: Policy Enlightenment Limitation and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the joint expansion of urban agglomerations threaten the supply and demand of water‐related ecosystem services? A case study in north‐west Hubei, China

Shao,

Yang

2023

Ecohydrology

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In the ecological protection zone, it is unclear how the joint development of urban agglomeration affects the supply–demand of water‐related ecosystem services (ESs). This study took northwest Hubei, China (Exibei), a national ecological function area, as a case study and predicted the land‐cover distribution in 2040 under three scenarios: natural scenario (2040NS), economic development (2040ED) and ecological protection (2040EP). And the supply–demand risks of water‐related ESs were simulated under three scenarios. Results indicated that (1) the increase in forest land (0.70%) under 2040NS, construction land (50.03%) under 2040ED and water body (15.16%) under 2040EP basically happened through the occupation of cultivated land; (2) under three scenarios, although the water yield demand in 2040 increased significantly, the supply still fully meet demand; (3) from 2020 to 2040, more than 13.50% of the areas in Exibei of water yield changed from surplus to deficit, mainly covering the north Xiangyang City and the middle Shiyan City; and (4) the change in supply and demand of soil retention from 2020 to 2040 was not obvious. This study provides assistance in water resources rational allocation in ecological function zones with rapid economic development and urban expansion.

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“…Therefore, the substituted water from urban and ecological water use can be partially returned to agricultural water supply to ease the water competition and drought condition. However, previous studies regarding SNWDP are only limited to the groundwater levels' stability (Long et al., 2020), water quality analysis (Cheng et al., 2021), economic impact in protected areas (J. Zhang et al., 2022), and footprint assessment on organic farming in the water source areas (Feng & Zhao, 2020), few research has considered the effects of the SNWDP for agricultural water use in the water‐receiving areas. Thus, how much the substitution effect of this costly water diversion project has benefited northern China's agricultural water supply, whether it has alleviated conflicting agricultural water uses, and whether it ensures a reliable agricultural water supply in the future need to be explored urgently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Grain Crop Production Intensifies the Water Crisis in Northern China

Li,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Earth's Future

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Growing crop production increases agricultural water consumption (AWC), but whether these two factors are matched in northern and southern China in the past two decades remains controversial. Here we used a remote sensing‐based water‐carbon coupling model combined with satellite observations to quantify the crop production, AWC, and water deficit changes in China over 2003–2018. We show that in northern China, crop production and AWC significantly (p < 0.05) increased, mainly due to planting area expansion, and the increasing rates were 2.6 and 6.2 times greater than those in southern China. The increasing irrigation demand in northern China greatly reduced the availability of stored terrestrial water and could not be met by the agricultural water supply in the next two decades. Our results show that the conflict between the limited agricultural water supply and the increasing irrigation demand cannot be resolved by the South‐to‐North Water Diversion Project, and better management in water resources and crop production is needed to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

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The Economic Impact of Payments for Water-related Ecosystem Services on Protected Areas: a Synthetic Control Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

An impact evaluation of conservation investments targeting long‐distance migratory species

An impact evaluation of conservation investments targeting long‐distance migratory species

Does the joint expansion of urban agglomerations threaten the supply and demand of water‐related ecosystem services? A case study in north‐west Hubei, China

Increased Grain Crop Production Intensifies the Water Crisis in Northern China

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