The Economic Consequences of Widowhood for Older Minority Women

Angel, Jacqueline L.; Jiménez, Maren Andrea; Angel, Ronald J.

doi:10.1093/geront/47.2.224

Cited by 66 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Consistent with previous research (Angel et al, 2007;Harrington Meyer, 1990;Willson, 2003;Willson & Hardy, 2002), marital status has significant implications for women's later-life income. In analyses not presented here, I find that among the women in my sample, while number of marriages and marital disruptions were significantly related to later-life income, current marital status was a more robust predictor.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Despite an increase in women's labor force participation and laws that protect women's financial interests after divorce, marriage remains a decisive factor for a woman's later-life income (Angel, Jiménez, & Angel, 2007;Harrington Meyer, 1990;Willson, 2003;Willson & Hardy, 2002). In part, this relationship is attributable to retirement and social security policies that have historically favored continuously married women to those who are either divorced or widowed (Harrington Meyer, 1990).…”

Section: Older Women's Income and Marital Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Still Penalized? Parity, Age at First Birth and Women's Income in Later Life

Jokinen-Gordon

2012

Journal of Women & Aging

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Despite policies aimed at decreasing old-age income inequality, such as Social Security and Supplemental Security Income, research consistently finds that later-life poverty is highly concentrated among women. While the early-life economic disadvantages of motherhood are well established, little work has examined whether these disadvantages persist into later life. Life course research consistently demonstrates the relationship between early-life choices and later-life inequality, but few studies have examined whether the reproductive phase of a woman's life is associated with her later-life income. Using data from the 2003 wave of the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women cohort, this research examines whether women's age at first birth and parity are associated with her later-life income within the context of marriage. From a set of multivariate analyses, I find that despite a marginal statistically significant effect, substantively for the women in this cohort the effects of childbearing are not particularly consequential for later-life income. The results suggest that as women age the economic penalties associated with motherhood are less important to financial well-being than are other factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Older Women's Income and Marital Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Still Penalized? Parity, Age at First Birth and Women's Income in Later Life

Jokinen-Gordon

2012

Journal of Women & Aging

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“…In fact, widowhood is emblematic of poverty. [93][94][95][97][98][99] They experience ostracism, violence, homelessness, ill health, and discrimination. Their daughters may suffer multiple deprivations, which increase their vulnerability to abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Access to Health Care: Examining the Case of Burkina Faso

Okolo¹,

Reidpath²,

Allotey³

2011

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved

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Abstract:The past decade has recorded remarkable interest in socioeconomic inequalities in health care. A multivariate analysis of the World Health Survey data for Burkina Faso was conducted using STATA. This included questions on household economic factors, perceived need, and access to health care. Poverty was defined using Principal Components Analysis. There was no significant difference in perceived need on the basis of poverty or gender. The less poor accessed health care more than the poor, but this difference was significant only among males. Respondents who lived in urban areas accessed health care more than those in rural areas, but this difference was significant only among females. We argue that health care financing arrangements affect self-reported need and access to health care. Even when they perceive need, the poor do not access care, probably because of cost, exacerbated by non-availability of readily accessible health care facilities.

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“…Particularly for women, older persons are less likely to be educated and retirement usually results in either a reduction in or a loss of income [46]. The latter is especially true for women in China as they must retire 5 years earlier than men, they receive a lower pension than men, and they are likely to be dependent on their spouses for financial support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%