The ECETOC approach to targeted risk assessment; lessons and experiences relevant to REACH

Money, Chris; Jacobi, Sylvia; Penman, Mike; Rodríguez, Carlos; Rooij, Christ De; Veenstra, G. E.

doi:10.1038/sj.jes.7500565

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The TRA tool has been widely applied by various industry sectors and has several advantages when carrying out consumer exposure assessments under REACH. 9, 10, 11 It provides a conservative screening level estimate of exposure with minimal information and time requirements. However, it neither provides output in the form required by EU safety data sheets nor for authoring the outputs in an automated manner to avoid errors and minimize user variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European solvent industry group generic exposure scenario risk and exposure tool

Zaleski

Qian

Zelenka

et al. 2013

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The European Solvents Industry Group (ESIG) Generic Exposure Scenario (GES) Risk and Exposure Tool (EGRET) was developed to facilitate the safety evaluation of consumer uses of solvents, as required by the European Union Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation. This exposure-based risk assessment tool provides estimates of both exposure and risk characterization ratios for consumer uses. It builds upon the consumer portion of the European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC) Targeted Risk Assessment (TRA) tool by implementing refinements described in ECETOC TR107. Technical enhancements included the use of additional data to refine scenario defaults and the ability to include additional parameters in exposure calculations. Scenarios were also added to cover all frequently encountered consumer uses of solvents. The TRA tool structure was modified to automatically determine conditions necessary for safe use. EGRET reports results using specific standard phrases in a format consistent with REACH exposure scenario guidance, in order that the outputs can be readily assimilated within safety data sheets and similar information technology systems. Evaluation of tool predictions for a range of commonly encountered consumer uses of solvents found it provides reasonable yet still conservative exposure estimates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European solvent industry group generic exposure scenario risk and exposure tool

Zaleski

Qian

Zelenka

et al. 2013

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Models are now widely used in regulatory risk assessments for industrial chemicals as well as in the management of these and other process that generate hazardous substances in workplaces. In Europe, the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulations allow registrants to rely on exposure estimates made using a variety of mathematical models, including the Targeted Risk Assessment (TRA) tool developed by the European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals [1], Stoffenmanager ® at www.stoffenmanager.com [2] and the Advanced REACH Tool (ART) [3]. In addition, models like ART and Stoffenmanager ® are in line with and are used under the EU health and safety regulations Directive 98/24/EC-risks related to chemical agents at work and Directive 2004/37/EC-carcinogens or mutagens at work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Models for REACH and Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

Cherrie

Fransman²,

Heussen³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Model tools for estimating hazardous substance exposure are an accepted part of regulatory risk assessments in Europe, and models underpin control banding tools used to help manage chemicals in workplaces. Of necessity the models are simplified abstractions of real-life working situations that aim to capture the essence of the scenario to give estimates of actual exposures with an appropriate margin of safety. The basis for existing inhalation exposure assessment tools has recently been discussed by some scientists who have argued for the use of more complex models. In our opinion, the currently accepted tools are documented to be the most robust way for workplace health and safety practitioners and others to estimate inhalation exposure. However, we recognise that it is important to continue the scientific development of exposure modelling to further elaborate and improve the existing methodologies.

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“…Only a few generic screening tools for assessing occupational inhalation exposure are available in Europe, such as COSHH essentials (Maidment, 1998), ECETOC TRA (Money et al, 2007;ECE-TOC, 2009), Stoffenmanager (Marquart et al, 2008), and the 'Easy-to-use workplace control scheme for hazardous substances (EMKG) (http:// www.reachhelpdesk.de/en/exposure/exposure.html). Some information on the validity of these models has been published but in general only limited information is available (Schinkel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced REACH Tool (ART): Overview of Version 1.0 and Research Needs

Tielemans

Warren

Fransman

et al. 2011

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

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This paper provides an outline of the Advanced REACH Tool (ART) version 1.0 and a discussion of how it could be further developed. ART is a higher tier exposure assessment tool that combines mechanistically modelled inhalation exposure predictions with available exposure data using a Bayesian approach. ART assesses exposure for scenarios across different plants and sites. Estimates are provided for different percentiles of the exposure distribution and confidence intervals around the estimate. It also produces exposure estimates in the absence of data, but uncertainty of the estimates will decrease when results of exposure measurements are included. The tool has been calibrated using a broad range of exposure data and provides estimates for exposure to vapours, mists, and dusts. ART has a robust and stable conceptual basis but will be refined in the future and should therefore be considered an evolving system. High-priority areas for future research are identified in this paper and include the integration of partially analogous measurement series, inclusion of company and site-specific assessments, user decision strategies linked to ART predictions, evaluation of validity and reliability of ART, exploring the possibilities for incorporating the dermal route and integration of ART predictions with tools for modelling internal dose. ART is initially developed in the scope of REACH but is equally useful for exposure assessment in other areas.

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The ECETOC approach to targeted risk assessment; lessons and experiences relevant to REACH

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

European solvent industry group generic exposure scenario risk and exposure tool

European solvent industry group generic exposure scenario risk and exposure tool

Exposure Models for REACH and Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

Advanced REACH Tool (ART): Overview of Version 1.0 and Research Needs

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