The early history of electronics III. Prehistory of radiotelegraphy

Susskind, Charles

doi:10.1109/mspec.1969.5214055

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Coherers manifested the property that the resistance between metallic contacts, such as a pile of iron turnings, diminishes markedly in the proximity of an electric discharge. Now if we accept the opinions of our peer judges, both Bose's contemporaries and ours, the epistemic pathway on which Bose's coherers appear properly originated with the Frenchman Edouard Branly in 1890 (Lodge, 1894;Thomson,1905;Susskind, 1969). Branly's device consisted of metallic filings enclosed in a glass tube, and in this invention he was C-creative in that several other investigators, including Lodge (1894) were influenced by him.…”

Section: Coherersmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…But Meghnad Saha (1940) in his obituary on Bose noted that contemporaneously the Russian Pyotr Nikoleevich Lebedov and the Italian Augusto Righi had produced sub-centimeter waves. Thomson also mentioned Righi as did the engineers John Ramsay (1958) and Charles Susskind (1969), while Darrell Emerson (1997) has mentioned Lebedov as 'independently performing experiments' with 5-6 mm radio waves. Thus the evidence of these peer consumer-judges suggest that Bose was one of the first (but not the first) to produce such short length waves.…”

Section: Generation Of Millimeter-length Radio Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nor had they further consequences. Rather, according to the judgements of such consumers as Thomson (1905), Ramsay (1958) and Susskind (1962Susskind ( , 1969, far more consequential was Righi's treatise L'ottica delle oscillazioni elletriche (1897).…”

Section: Microwave Opticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Judging Scientific Creativity: The Case of the Early Jagadis Bose

Dasgupta¹

2018

Indian Journal of History of Science

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Section: Coherersmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Generation Of Millimeter-length Radio Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Judging Scientific Creativity: The Case of the Early Jagadis Bose

Dasgupta¹

2018

Indian Journal of History of Science

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“…Marconi's "receiving instrument," however, was of a different conception compared to Hertz's or Righi's resonator. Righi, in his May 28, 1897 interview, wondered if Marconi's receiving instrument was just a "coherer," that is the instrument devised by Lodge in 1894 [88] and based on the discovery, due to Edouard Branly, that copper filings in a glass tube conducted feebly under ordinary conditions, but that their conductivity increased abruptly when a spark was generated nearby (Fig. 7 Righi even came up with a small experimental demonstration of how the coherer works for the benefit of the journalist.…”

Section: Marconi's "Closed Box" (And Righi Trying To Open It)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Guglielmo Marconi, Augusto Righi and the invention of wireless telegraphy

Leone

Robotti

2021

EPJ H

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One of the major accomplishments of the late nineteenth-century applied physics was, as it is well known, the development of wireless telegraphy by Guglielmo Marconi, future Nobel laureate. In this paper, we will explore what scientific debt, if any, Marconi had toward another Italian physicist, internationally well known for his research on electromagnetic waves: Augusto Righi. This question will be pursued through a close analysis of Marconi’s first patent, of Righi’s scientific correspondence and of the specialized and popular press of the time. At the end of this analysis, which includes a brief survey of Marconi and Righi’s activity as senators of the Kingdom of Italy, we will better appreciate what Marconi took from contemporary scientists, what specific contributions he is responsible for and, ultimately, what Marconi and Righi thought of each other.

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“…2. For claims supportive of Marconi's priority, see Süsskind 1962Süsskind , 1969a,b. Aitken's claim for Lodge's priority was not unprecedented.…”

Section: This Page Intentionally Left Blankmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless: from Marconi's black-box to the audion

2002

Choice Reviews Online

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Chapter 1 cables, or any of our present costly appliances.. .. Also an experimentalist at a distance can receive some, if not all, of these rays on a properly-constituted instrument, and by concerted signals messages in the Morse code can thus pass from one operator to another. What therefore remains to be discovered is-firstly, simpler and more certain means of generating electrical rays of any desired wavelength , from the shortest, say of a few feet in length, which will easily pass through buildings and fogs, to those long waves whose lengths are measured by tens, hundreds, and thousands of miles; secondly, more delicate receivers which respond to wavelengths between certain defined limits and be silent to all others; thirdly, means of darting the ahead of rays in any desired direction, whether by lenses or reflectors.. .. He then added an interesting comment on wireless communication between two friends (ibid., p. 175): Any two friends living within the radius of sensibility of their receiving instruments, having first decided on their special wavelength and attuned their respective instruments to mutual receptivity, could thus communicate as long as often as they pleased by timing the impulses to produce long and short intervals on the ordinary Morse code. The aforementioned article has been appraised as "a remarkable prediction and a correct analysis of the principal obstacle that would have to be overcome before radiotelegraphy could become a reality" (Süsskind 1969a, p. 70). Furthermore, several scholars have emphasized the influence of Crookes's article on other pioneers of radio telegraphy. The historian Hugh Aitken commented (1976, p. 114): Crookes's article was read very widely-and more than that, attended to and remembered-both in Europe and in the United States; there is hardly one figure important in the early days of radio who does not at some point in his memoirs or correspondence refer to the article of 1892 as having made a difference.. .. Crookes' article was both timely and catalytic. The year 1892 does mark a watershed. Before that, experimentation with electromagnetic waves was essentially a matter of validating Maxwellian theory; after, it became a matter of devising signalling systems, of inventions and patents, of developing a commercial technology.

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The early history of electronics III. Prehistory of radiotelegraphy

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Judging Scientific Creativity: The Case of the Early Jagadis Bose

Judging Scientific Creativity: The Case of the Early Jagadis Bose

Guglielmo Marconi, Augusto Righi and the invention of wireless telegraphy

Wireless: from Marconi's black-box to the audion

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