The Earliest Ice Age Dogs: Evidence from Eliseevichi 1

Abstract

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Unequal Contribution of Sexes in the Origin of Dog Breeds

“…Genetic analyses suggest a limited number of domestication events with subsequent transcontinental spread (Vilà et al 1997;Leonard et al 2002;Savolainen et al 2002), and archaeological evidence confirms that domestic dogs existed across at least three continents by 10,000 years ago (Schwartz 1997;Clutton-Brock 1999;Sablin and Khlopachev 2002). This relatively fast spread of dogs across continents suggests that they may have played an important role in primitive human societies.…”

“…were domesticated from gray wolves (Canis lupus) at least 14,000 years ago (Vilà et al 1997;Sablin and Khlopachev 2002;Savolainen et al 2002), well before the domestication of any other animal or plant species (Clutton-Brock 1999). Genetic analyses suggest a limited number of domestication events with subsequent transcontinental spread (Vilà et al 1997;Leonard et al 2002;Savolainen et al 2002), and archaeological evidence confirms that domestic dogs existed across at least three continents by 10,000 years ago (Schwartz 1997;Clutton-Brock 1999;Sablin and Khlopachev 2002).…”

Animal exploitation during Mesolithic and Neolithic occupations at Zamostje 2 (Russia): preliminary results and perspectives of research

“…Two individuals only have been identified in Neolithic level. Mesolithic dogs seems to be strong animals, probably males, with marked muscular prints and a clear frontal stop, as observed from Palaeolithic dogs from various European areas (Benecke, 1987;Sablin, Khlopachev, 2002;Germonpré et al, 2009). These dogs show large size, near the zone of variation of the wolf females.…”

Adaptation and niche construction in human prehistory: a case study from the southern Scandinavian Late Glacial

“…This stands in direct opposition to reports of domesticated dogs in Upper Palaeolithic contexts in Europe dating to 31.7 kyr BP [108,109] and would require an extremely rapid diffusion of this resource even if only the nextoldest European specimens were considered [99]. If, as argued above, domestication is considered as a process-and the domestication of Canis should be no exception in this respect [110]-then these seemingly opposing positions can be reconciled.…”