The dynamics of alkaline phosphatase activity during operculum regeneration in the polychaete Pomatoceros lamarckii

Szabó, Réka; Ferrier, David

doi:10.1387/ijdb.140116df

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Numerous studies focusing on regeneration have been carried out using the flatworms Schmidtea mediterannia and Dugesia japonica (covered extensively in an earlier issue of this journal (IJDB, volume 56, 2012). Annelids such as Ophryotrocha and Pristina can regenerate missing posterior segments and represent excellent systems to study these phenomena (Pfannenstiel, 1974; see articles by Bely, 2014, andSzabó andFerrier, 2014, in this issue).…”

Section: Spiralian Model Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiralian model systems

Henry¹

2014

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The "Spiralia" represent one of the three major clades of bilaterian metazoans. Though members of this clade exhibit tremendous diversity in terms of their larval and adult body plans, many share a highly conserved early pattern of development involving a stereotypic cleavage program referred to as spiral cleavage. This group therefore represents an excellent one in which to undertake comparative studies to understand the origins of such diversity from a seemingly common ground plan. These organisms also present varied and diverse modes in terms of their ecology, development and life history strategies. A number of well established and emerging model systems have been developed to undertake studies at the molecular, genetic, cell and organismal levels. The Special Issue of the Int. J. Dev. Biol. entitled "Spiralian Model Systems" focuses on these organisms and here, I introduce this clade, pointing out different types of studies being undertaken with representative spiralian model systems. KEY WORDS: bilaterian metazoan, spiral cleavage, life history strategyThe Spiralia (Lophotrochozoa)Of the three major clades of bilaterians, the Spiralia (Lophotrochozoa) comprise nearly half of the extant metazoan phyla (see Fig. 1). Despite this fact, the group has received relatively little attention compared to the other two clades, the deuterostomes and ecdysozoans, notably in the areas of genetics, as well as molecular, cellular and developmental biology. This is due in part to the long standing predominance of key experimental models positioned within the Ecdysozoa, (e.g., the fruit fly Drosophila and the nematode, C. elegans), and the Deuterostomia, (e.g., chordates such as the Zebrafish and mouse, as well as a few invertebrate representatives from the Echinodermata).The Spiralia include 14 of roughly 36 metazoan phyla (Fig. 1). The Spiralia include the Lophotrochozoa, and sometimes these terms have been used synonomously. The clade "Lophotrochozoa" was first recognized by Halanych et al., (1995, see also Giribet et al., 2007 Helmkampf et al., 2008a,b;Dunn et al., 2008;Hejnol et al., 2009; Edgecomb et al., 2011) who showed that the Lophophorata (consisting of groups possessing characteristic ciliated feeding structures, such as brachiopods and phoronids), are clearly united with other protostome phyla that include annelids, molluscs, and nemerteans. The Spiralia, however, encompass an even larger group of metazoans, and the exact relationships amongst the Spiralia are, however, not fully resolved. The consensus from recent analyses suggest that there are two large sub-groups (clades). One group is the "Trochozoa," (Roule, 1891), which include Annelida, Int. J. Dev. Biol. 58: 389-401 (2014) doi: 10.1387/ijdb.140127jh Mollusca, Nemertea, as the "Eutrochozoa", together with the "Brachiozoa" (see Cavalier-Smith, 1998), comprised of Brachiopoda and Phoronida, and the "Polyzoa" (Funch and Kristensen 1995;Passamaneck and Halanych 2006; Helmkampf et al., 2008a,b;Edgecombe et al., 2011) consisting of the Bryozoa, E...

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Section: Spiralian Model Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiralian model systems

Henry¹

2014

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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“…Cells with ALP activity occupied a more posterior position mainly running along the septum and intestinal tract as well as in muscle layers (Figure 2p-t). ALP possesses a variety of functions in many animal taxa throughout evolution and its role can also be related to regeneration as well as stem cell activity [22,23].…”

Section: Morphological Changes During Anterior and Posterior Earthwormentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury-Induced Innate Immune Response During Segment Regeneration of the Earthworm, Eisenia andrei

Bodó

Kellermayer

László

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Regeneration of body parts and their interaction with the immune response is a poorly understood aspect of earthworm biology. Consequently, we aimed to study the mechanisms of innate immunity during regeneration in Eisenia andrei earthworms. In the course of anterior and posterior regeneration, we documented the kinetical aspects of segment restoration by histochemistry. Cell proliferation peaked at two weeks and remitted by four weeks in regenerating earthworms. Apoptotic cells were present throughout the cell renewal period. Distinct immune cell (e.g., coelomocyte) subsets were accumulated in the newly-formed blastema in the close proximity of the apoptotic area. Regenerating earthworms have decreased pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (e.g., TLR, except for scavenger receptor) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (e.g., lysenin) mRNA patterns compared to intact earthworms. In contrast, at the protein level, mirroring regulation of lysenins became evident. Experimental coelomocyte depletion caused significantly impaired cell divisions and blastema formation during anterior and posterior regeneration. These obtained novel data allow us to gain insight into the intricate interactions of regeneration and invertebrate innate immunity.

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“…Annelids which are comprised of Errantia, Sedentaria and a few basally branching clades (Struck et al, 2011, Weigert et al, 2014 are now becoming more and more popular models for studying variable developmental processes and regeneration. Among annelid species that are currently under intense investigation are Platynereis dumerilii Audouin et Milne Edwards, 1833 (Nereididae) (Fischer et al, 2010;Planques et al, 2019), Alitta virens M. Sars, 1835 (Nereididae) (Bakalenko et al, 2013;Novikova et al, 2013;Kozin et al, 2017), Capitella teleta Blake, Grassle et Eckelbarger, 2009 (Capitellidae) (de Jong, Seaver, 2016;de Jong, Seaver, 2017) and Pomatoceros lamarckii Quatrefages, 1866 (Serpulidae) (Szabó, Ferrier, 2014). All except the last one have been shown to be good posterior regenerating models (de Jong, Seaver, 2016;Kozin et al, 2017;Planques et al, 2019), but none of them is capable of regenerating the head part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%