The downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression may be associated with depression and anxiety among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2

Okechukwu, Chidiebere Emmanuel

doi:10.4103/cmi.cmi_47_21

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Overexpression of ACE2 in a transgenic animal model attenuated plaque vulnerability and inflammation ( 70 ) and reduced the propensity to develop an anxiety phenotype ( 29 ). Recently, it has been demonstrated that down regulation of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2 exacerbates the thrombotic COVID-19 severity and predisposes to depression ( 71 ). Changes in the levels of serum BDNF were observed in post-infected-COVID-19 symptomatic patients ( 72 ), predicting an intensive care admission and a worse prognosis ( 73 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in an Italian Cohort of Individuals With Obesity: A Key to Explain the Link Between Depression and Atherothrombosis

Amadio

Macchi

Favero

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundObesity and depression are intertwined diseases often associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), altered in the brain both of subjects with depression and obesity, provides a potential link between depression and thrombosis. Since the relationship among peripheral BDNF, depression and obesity is not well-defined, the aim of the present report has been to address this issue taking advantage of the contribution played by extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNAs.Research ProcessAssociations among circulating BDNF, depression and EV-derived miRNAs related to atherothrombosis have been evaluated in a large Italian cohort of obese individuals (n = 743), characterized by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) score.ResultsBDI-II was negatively associated with BDNF levels without a significant impact of the rs6265 BDNF polymorphism; this association was modified by raised levels of IFN-γ. BDNF levels were linked to an increase of 80 EV-derived miRNAs and a decrease of 59 miRNAs related to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Network analysis identified at least 18 genes targeted by these miRNAs, 7 of which involved in depression and CV risk. The observation of a possible link among BDNF, depression, and miRNAs related to atherothrombosis and depression in obesity is novel and may lead to a wider use of BDNF as a CV risk biomarker in this specific subject group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in an Italian Cohort of Individuals With Obesity: A Key to Explain the Link Between Depression and Atherothrombosis

Amadio

Macchi

Favero

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic offers an important opportunity to examine how viral infections might aggravate PD-related neurodegeneration [ 82 ]. Table 1 summarizes the mechanisms underlying the aggravation of PD-related neurodegenerations due to SARS-CoV-2 [ 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 ] and Figure 3 summarizes the specific pathways involved in ACE2 dysregulation as a connecting link between COVID-19 and PD.…”

Section: Ace2 In Pd and Covid-19: Connecting The Dotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Role of ACE2 as a Connecting Link between COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease

Angelopoulou

Karlafti

Georgakopoulou

et al. 2023

Life

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is frequently accompanied by neurological manifestations such as headache, delirium, and epileptic seizures, whereas ageusia and anosmia may appear before respiratory symptoms. Among the various neurological COVID-19-related comorbidities, Parkinson’s disease (PD) has gained increasing attention. Some cases of PD disease have been linked to COVID-19, and both motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients frequently worsen following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although it is still unclear whether PD increases the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection or whether COVID-19 increases the risk of or unmasks future cases of PD, emerging evidence sheds more light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between these two diseases. Among them, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a significant component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), seems to play a pivotal role. ACE2 is required for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 to the human host cells, and ACE2 dysregulation is implicated in the severity of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ACE2 imbalance is implicated in core shared pathophysiological mechanisms between PD and COVID-19, including aberrant inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. ACE2 may also be implicated in alpha-synuclein-induced dopaminergic degeneration, gut–brain axis dysregulation, blood–brain axis disruption, autonomic dysfunction, depression, anxiety, and hyposmia, which are key features of PD.

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The renin-angiotensin system, emotional stress and anxiety

2023

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The downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression may be associated with depression and anxiety among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in an Italian Cohort of Individuals With Obesity: A Key to Explain the Link Between Depression and Atherothrombosis

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in an Italian Cohort of Individuals With Obesity: A Key to Explain the Link Between Depression and Atherothrombosis

Exploring the Role of ACE2 as a Connecting Link between COVID-19 and Parkinson’s Disease

The renin-angiotensin system, emotional stress and anxiety

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