The Double Face of Metals: The Intriguing Case of Chromium

Genchi, Giuseppe; Lauria, Graziantonio; Catalano, Alessia; Carocci, Alessia; Sinicropi, Maria Stefania

doi:10.3390/app11020638

Cited by 72 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…The antibacterial applications of chitosan derivatives are numerous [ 71 , 72 ]. Recently, two chitosan Schiff bases were used for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater with high efficiency [ 73 , 74 ]. Antimicrobial studies of CBSs are reported in Table 3 .…”

Section: Chitosan-based Schiff Bases (Cbss)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies

et al. 2022

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Schiff bases (SBs) have extensive applications in different fields such as analytical, inorganic and organic chemistry. They are used as dyes, catalysts, polymer stabilizers, luminescence chemosensors, catalyzers in the fixation of CO2 biolubricant additives and have been suggested for solar energy applications as well. Further, a wide range of pharmacological and biological applications, such as antimalarial, antiproliferative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antipyretic, antibacterial and antifungal uses, emphasize the need for SB synthesis. Several SBs conjugated with chitosan have been studied in order to enhance the antibacterial activity of chitosan. Moreover, the use of the nanoparticles of SBs may improve their antimicrobial effects. Herein, we provide an analytical overview of the antibacterial and antifungal properties of SBs and chitosan-based SBs as well as SBs-functionalized nanoparticles. The most relevant and recent literature was reviewed for this purpose.

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Section: Chitosan-based Schiff Bases (Cbss)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies

et al. 2022

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“…Most conventional physical, chemical, and biochemical approaches do not provide solutions to these problems, and are often expensive and invasive, causing the alteration of soil properties and disturbing the soil microflora. Phytoremediation is a technology that uses plants to remove toxic and radioactive metals and organic compounds (pesticides, crude oils, and detergents) from the environment [73][74][75]. In the New Zealand laboratory of LaCoste (2001) [76], vegetables such as green bean, green cabbage, beetroot, lettuce, onion, pea, radish, spinach, tomato, turnip, water cress and Iberis intermedia were grown in pot trials in the presence of Tl (0.7 mg/kg to 3.7 mg/kg) to study the capability of these plants to remove this metal from polluted soils.…”

Section: Thallium Phytoremediation From Soil and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Thallium Use, Toxicity, and Detoxification Therapy: An Overview

et al. 2021

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Thallium (Tl) is released into the environment, where is present at very low levels, from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Tl is considered as one of the most toxic heavy metals; it is a non-essential metal, present in low concentrations in humans. Tl toxicity causes dermatological and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders of the nervous system, and may even result in death. Many isotopes of Tl exist, with different uses. One of the isotopes of this metal (201Tl) is used in cardiovascular scintigraphy and for the diagnosis of malignant tumors such as breast or lung cancer and osteosarcoma bone cancer. Many Tl compounds are tasteless, colorless, and odorless. Due to these characteristics and their high toxicity, they have been used as poisons in suicides and murders for criminal purposes, as well as instances of accidental poisoning. Impaired glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress, and disruption of potassium-regulated homeostasis may play a role in the mechanism of Tl toxicity. Solanum nigrum L. and Callitriche cophocarpa have been suggested as promising agents for the phytoremediation of Tl. In addition, macrocyclic compounds such as crown ethers (18-crown-6) are good candidates to absorb Tl from wastewater. Through this review, we present an update to general information about the uses and toxicity of Tl. Furthermore, the attention is focused on detoxification therapies.

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“…Chromium toxicity in cultivable lands has become a serious problem all over the world [39]. It reduces the growth and yield of the plants [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity

Kumar

2021

PLoS ONE

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Chromium toxicity is a major problem in agricultural soils that negatively affects a plant’s metabolic activities. It reduces biochemical and antioxidant defence system’s activities. In search of the solution to this problem a two-year pot experiment (completely randomized design with three replications), in three genetically different varieties of sorghum (SSG 59–3, HJ 513 and HJ 541) under Cr toxicity (2 and 4 ppm) was conducted to determine the effect of glycine betaine (50 and 100mM) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the antioxidant system (enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase and metabolites viz. glutathione, ascorbate, proline, β-carotene) along with Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress parameters (polyphenol oxidase, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde) at two growth stages (vegetative and grain filling). According to results; Cr stress (2 & 4 ppm) increased its accumulation and indices of oxidative stresses significantly (p≤0.05) in all varieties of sorghum at both growth stages. However, soil application of glycine betaine (GB) and AMF decreased Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes and metabolites activities at both growth stages in all varieties. The combination of 100mM GB with AMF was observed most significant (p≤0.05) in decreasing oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant system’s activities. The SSG 59–3 cultivar showed the lowest Cr accumulation (1.60 and 8.61 ppm), indices of oxidative stress and highest antioxidant system’s activity among these three cultivars at both growth stages. Thus, SSG 59–3 was found most tolerant cultivars followed by HJ 513 and then HJ 541. These findings suggest that both GB and AMF, either individually or combined can play a positive role to reduce oxidative stress and increased antioxidant attributes under Cr toxicity in sorghum.

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The Double Face of Metals: The Intriguing Case of Chromium

Cited by 72 publications

References 136 publications

A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies

A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies

Thallium Use, Toxicity, and Detoxification Therapy: An Overview

Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity

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