The diversifying field of plant epigenetics

Heer, Katrin; Mounger, Jeannie; Boquete, M.T.; Richards, Christina L.; Opgenoorth, Lars

doi:10.1111/nph.14985

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Epigenetics regulate gene expression without effects on gene sequences, which was involved in diverse aspects of plant development (Bender 2002; Heer et al 2018; Paszkowski and Mittelsten Scheid 1998). The repression of FLC expression in Arabidopsis by vernalization is one of the well-studied examples of the epigenetic regulation of a gene in plants (Bastow et al 2004; Questa et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissection of two quantitative trait loci with pleiotropic effects on plant height and spike length linked in coupling phase on the short arm of chromosome 2D of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

et al. 2019

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Key message Two QTL with pleiotropic effects on plant height and spike length linked in coupling phase on chromosome 2DS were dissected, and diagnostic marker for each QTL was developed. Abstract Plant height (PHT) is a crucial trait related to plant architecture and yield potential, and dissection of its underlying genetic basis would help to improve the efficiency of designed breeding in wheat. Here, two quantitative trait loci (QTL) linked in coupling phase on the short arm of chromosome 2D with pleiotropic effects on PHT and spike length, QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.1 and QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.2, were separated and characterized. QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.1 is a novel QTL located between SNP makers BS00022234_51 and BobWhite_rep_c63957_1472. QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.2 is mapped between two SSR markers, SSR - 2062 and Xgwm484 , which are located on the same genomic interval as Rht8 . Moreover, the diagnostic marker tightly linked with each QTL was developed for the haplotype analysis using diverse panels of wheat accessions. The frequency of the height-reduced allele of QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.1 is much lower than that of QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.2 , suggesting that this novel QTL may be an attractive target for genetic improvement. Consistent with a previous study of Rht8 , a significant difference in cell length was observed between the NILs of QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.2 . By contrast, there was no difference in cell length between NILs of QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.1 , indicating that the underlying molecular mechanism for these two QTL may be different. Collectively, these data provide a new example of QTL dissection, and the developed diagnostic markers will be useful in marker-assisted pyramiding of QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.1 and/or QPht/Sl.cau - 2D.2 with the other genes in wheat breeding. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00122-019-03318-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissection of two quantitative trait loci with pleiotropic effects on plant height and spike length linked in coupling phase on the short arm of chromosome 2D of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

et al. 2019

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“…We used novel genomic tools to study the importance of epigenetics for adaptation to 579 novel biotic conditions in six non-model plant species differentially selected in a field 580 biodiversity experiment. Future research should continue to integrate molecular tools 581 with studies on non-model species in order to push the field forward (Richards et al, 582 2017;Heer et al, 2018). Our findings suggest that selection on standing genetic 583 variation is a powerful driver of evolution even in the absence of many generations of 584 plant growth.…”

Section: Conclusion 578mentioning

confidence: 82%

Evidence for rapid evolution in a grassland biodiversity experiment

Moorsel

Schmid

Wagemaker

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Summary 23• In long-term grassland biodiversity experiments positive effects of biodiversity on 24 plant productivity commonly increase with time. Previously it was shown that 25 differential selection in monoculture and mixed-species grassland communities 26 could lead to the rapid emergence of monoculture and mixture phenotypes. 27Underlying mechanisms for such rapid phenotypic responses are however still 28 unclear. 29• We hypothesized that in biodiversity experiments pre-adapted genotypes or 30 epigenetic variants could be sorted out from the standing genetic or epigenetic 31 variation. 32• To test if biodiversity acted as a selective environment, we grew offspring from 33 plants that were exposed for twelve years to a monoculture or mixture environment 34 in a biodiversity experiment (Jena Experiment) under controlled greenhouse 35 conditions. Using epiGBS, a genotyping-by-sequencing approach combined with 36 bisulfite conversion to provide integrative genetic and epigenetic data, we showed 37 that plants with a monoculture or mixture background were genetically distinct. 38• Our data reveal strong genetic and epigenetic divergence within species according 39 to selection history and suggest variation in epigenetic variation to be largely under 40 genetic control. This pattern was consistently observed across six perennial 41 grassland species. Our results suggest that selection of genetic variants caused the 42 rapid emergence of monoculture and mixture types in the Jena Experiment. 43 44

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“…1). Following the successful 40 th New Phytologist Symposium on ‘Plant epigenetics: from mechanisms to ecological relevance’ (see Heer et al , 2018), this Virtual Issue on the topic is now being released. In this introductory Commentary we highlight several of the included papers that cover four main research frontiers.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%