The distribution of species: occupancy, scale, and rarity

He, Fangliang; Condit, Rick

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511814938.005

Cited by 34 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…When the SAC is derived from a hierarchical sample design, it is equivalent to the species-area relationship (SAR; Chase and Knight 2013). Efforts to describe the shape of empirical SARs (Drakare et al 2006;Dengler 2009) have to date mostly involved curve fitting (but see Legendre 1996, 2002). A general formula for sample-based SARs that describes the range of forms of the relationship has been lacking (Gotelli and Colwell 2011), except under specific conditions (Colwell et al 2004).…”

Section: Species Accumulation Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are species that occur only in the selected i sites within the total n sites surveyed. When n approaches infinity, E i, n will converge toward the number of globally endemic species, E i (He and Legendre 2002;Green and Ostling 2003). Because of logistic constraints on sampling effort (which increase as n approaches infinity), the endemics-effort relationship (EER) is usually referred to as the number of locally endemic species (i.e., E i, n ), which is a function of the number of selected i sites.…”

Section: The Endemics-effort Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One explanation is the core-satellite hypothesis, which explains bimodality as a division of the assemblage into groups of species with different stochastic immigration and extinction rates (Hanski 1982; but see Gotelli and Simberloff 1987;Gaston and Lawton 1989;Magurran and Henderson 2003). Explanations based on sampling (Nee et al 1991;Papp and Izsák 1997) and the scale dependence of species occupancy (Conlisk et al 2007;He and Condit 2007;McGeoch 2007a, 2007b) are also able to account for this bimodality. However, these explanations all make the implicit and unrealistic assumption of species independence.…”

Section: Occupancy Frequency Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zeta Diversity as a Concept and Metric That Unifies Incidence-Based Biodiversity Patterns

Hui

McGeoch

2014

The American Naturalist

150

268

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Online enhancements: appendix, zip file. abstract: Patterns in species incidence and compositional turnover are central to understanding what drives biodiversity. Here we propose zeta (z) diversity, the number of species shared by multiple assemblages, as a concept and metric that unifies incidence-based diversity measures, patterns, and relationships. Unlike other measures of species compositional turnover, zeta diversity partitioning quantifies the complete set of diversity components for multiple assemblages, comprehensively representing the spatial structure of multispecies distributions. To illustrate the application and ecological value of zeta diversity, we show how it scales with sample number, grain, and distance. Zeta diversity reconciles several different biodiversity patterns, including the species accumulation curve, the species-area relationship, multispecies occupancy patterns, and scaling of species endemism. Exponential and power-law forms of zeta diversity are associated with stochastic versus niche assembly processes. Zeta diversity may provide new insights on biodiversity patterns, the processes driving them, and their response to environmental change.

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Section: Species Accumulation Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Endemics-effort Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Occupancy Frequency Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zeta Diversity as a Concept and Metric That Unifies Incidence-Based Biodiversity Patterns

Hui

McGeoch

2014

The American Naturalist

150

268

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“…In line with our considerations, Lennon et al (2002) argued that the SAR for a given taxon would follow a power-law if the individual probability-area curves were power-laws but only with equal slopes (for the proof see Šizling and Storch 2004), which is clearly unrealistic. There is an apparent logical paradox: both the SARs and the relationships between area and probability are reported to approximately follow a power-law (Kunin 1998;He and Condit 2007), and at the same time it cannot happen because addition of other power-law relationships to an assemblage revealing the power-law with a different slope pushes the resulting SAR to be more upward accelerating. The only solution of this paradox is that there must be some tiny deviation from the power-laws, the accumulation of which compensates for this upward-accelerating tendency.…”

Section: The Species-area Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Concept of Taxon Invariance in Ecology: Do Diversity Patterns Vary with Changes in Taxonomic Resolution?

Storch

Šizling

2008

Folia Geobot

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Diversity patterns cannot be properly interpreted without a theory providing criteria for their evaluation. We propose a concept to prevent artifictions caused by improper consideration of changes in observed patterns due to variation in taxon delimitation. Most biodiversity patterns concern assemblages of species of given higher taxon (e.g. class). Some patterns seem to be universal, e.g., body size distribution, species-abundance distribution, species-area relationship, or the relationship between diversity and energy availability. However, truly universal patterns should not change when we change taxonomic scope by focusing on subtaxa or when we merge several sister taxa together and analyze patterns in resulting higher taxon. Similarly, some patterns may not change when changing the basic unit of the study e.g., when replacing species by genera or families (or any monophyletic clades), although other patterns may not be invariant against the variation of the basic unit. In fact, there are only two possibilities: biodiversity patterns are either taxon-invariant or they vary systematically with taxonomic resolution, which would indicate some fundamental taxonomic level with interesting implications for biological processes behind those patterns. Here we develop the concept of taxon invariance of diversity patterns and apply it on the abovementioned patterns. We show that simple theoretical considerations markedly constrain the set of possible patterns, as some of them cannot be simultaneously valid for both a taxon and its subtaxa -frequency distributions of abundances cannot be simultaneously lognormal for a given taxon and all its subtaxa, the taxa-area relationship cannot follow a power-law for all levels of taxonomic resolution, and energy availability cannot affect diversity of all taxonomic units in the same way. Analyses of the variation in the form of biodiversity patterns with changing taxonomic resolution thus provide an extremely useful tool for revealing properties of respective patterns, their universality and logical consistency.

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“…Aunque la presencia de especies, medida por el número de celdas ocupadas en un área de estudio ("species occupancy"), se ha usado con más frecuencia y se considera un buen indicador de la abundancia (He & Condit, 2007), hay que señalar las limitaciones y sesgos irremediables que pueden derivarse de la escasez e imprecisión de los datos disponibles (Batianoff & Burgess, 1993;Domínguez et al, 2003). En los Pirineos, aun contando con un número muy destacable de citas florísti-cas (cerca de dos millones), todavía es escasa la prospección en algunas zonas y existen muchas lagunas en el conocimiento taxonómico de determinados grupos florísticos y en el número y densidad de las poblaciones de no pocas plantas.…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

Distribución espacial y análisis ambiental de las plantas raras de los Pirineos

Gómez

Lorda²,

Garmendia

et al. 2017

Pirineos

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Citation / Cómo citar este artículo: Gómez, D., Lorda, M., Garmendia, J., García, M.B. (2017). Distribución espacial y análisis ambiental de las plantas raras de los Pirineos. Pirineos, 172, e030. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ pirineos.2017.172005 RESUMEN: La reciente edición en línea del Atlas digital de Flora vascular de los Pirineos permite analizar algunos patrones de la distribución y las preferencias ambientales de las plantas más raras, con el fin de contribuir a la caracterización de la rareza y al diseño de estrategias de conservación de la diversidad florística en la cordillera. Entre los 363 taxones seleccionados por su escasa representación (el 10% del total de la flora) 352 se distribuyen en menos del 2% del territorio y 11 ocupan un área inferior al 4%, pero tienen menos de 30 de poblaciones en todo el territorio. La flora rara se distribuye en el 65% de los Pirineos (utilizando para esta estima una malla de cuadrículas UTM de 10 Km de lado), y las regiones con más abundancia de plantas raras coinciden con las que tienen mayor diversidad florística total. Las zonas con mayor densidad de plantas raras se sitúan en el extremo oriental (junto al Cap de Creus), el noroccidental (entre San Sebastián e Irún) y en el centro del Parc National des Pyrénées y los alrededores de Monte Perdido. La flora rara se muestra significativamente diferente del conjunto de la flora en su representación taxonómica, distribución y amplitud altitudinal, corología, formas biológicas, preferencia edáfica y hábitats, pero no en el grado de naturalidad de los hábitats.PALABRAS CLAVE: Distribución altitudinal; corología; formas biológicas; hábitats; naturalidad; rareza; Pirineos. ABSTRACT:The recent digital edition of the Atlas of Pyrenean vascular flora, allow us to analyze some patterns of geographical distribution and environmental features of the most rare plant species. The aim of our study is to contribute to the knowledge of rarity and to the planning and implementation of plant conservation at a Pyrenean scale. Among the 363 selected taxa after applying the criteria of low occupancy (10% of the whole Pyrenean flora), 352 are present in less of the 2% of the territory and 11 occupy less than 4% distributed over a scarce number of populations Copyright: © 2017 CSIC. Este es un artículo de acceso abierto distribuido bajo los términos de una licencia de uso y distribución Creative Commons Attribution (CC-by) España 3.0.

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The distribution of species: occupancy, scale, and rarity

Cited by 34 publications

References 44 publications

Zeta Diversity as a Concept and Metric That Unifies Incidence-Based Biodiversity Patterns

Zeta Diversity as a Concept and Metric That Unifies Incidence-Based Biodiversity Patterns

The Concept of Taxon Invariance in Ecology: Do Diversity Patterns Vary with Changes in Taxonomic Resolution?

Distribución espacial y análisis ambiental de las plantas raras de los Pirineos

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