The distribution of dissolved copper in the Pacific

Boyle, E.A.; Sclater, F.R.; Edmond, John M.

doi:10.1016/0012-821x(77)90144-3

Cited by 356 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…With the exception of Sta. 3, at which it slightly exceeded 1 mmol L 21 , [NO Total dissolved Cu-Depth profiles for Cu exhibited the general features reported elsewhere: depletion of Cu in surface waters and a gradual increase with depth (Boyle et al 1977). However, a closer examination of individual profiles reveals differences that provide new information.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

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The speciation of copper across active gradients in nitrogen‐cycle processes in the eastern tropical South Pacific

Jacquot

Kondo

Knapp

et al. 2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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Copper (Cu) complexation and distribution were characterized using competitive ligand exchange adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry and isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry along two transects (20uS and 10uS) in the eastern tropical South Pacific. In the southern and westernmost stations, Cu showed upper water column depletion to values as low as , 0.26 nmol L 21 , the lowest concentrations ever reported. However, Cu levels were much higher within the secondary nitrite maxima of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the northern (10uS) transect. The enrichment of Cu in the reducing conditions of the OMZ has not been reported before and probably reflects remineralization and offshore transport from the shelf. Free [Cu 2+ ] was typically low throughout the water column, ranging from about 3.15 3 10 215 mol L 21 to 1.34 3 10 213 mol L 21 , and depth profiles exhibited similar features to those for dissolved Cu, though they showed more variability near the surface. Offshore and beyond the influence of the OMZ, the lowest dissolved and free [Cu 2+ ] was within the primary nitrite maxima (PNM), where ammonia oxidation and nitrate reduction rates are important. This finding is of interest because the two competing explanations for the PNM-iron limitation of diatoms and high rates of ammonia oxidation relative to nitrite oxidation-have high Cu requirements. The low concentrations of free Cu 2+ measured here could impose significant constraints on the rates of these processes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…12 through 5 in the upper water column are some of the lowest oceanic values reported anywhere. Such low concentrations indicate that biological scavenging is stronger here than in regions such as the North Pacific, where surface concentrations are typically higher (Boyle et al 1977;Coale and Bruland 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The speciation of copper across active gradients in nitrogen‐cycle processes in the eastern tropical South Pacific

Jacquot

Kondo

Knapp

et al. 2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…[Nil: Sclater et al 1976Bruland 1980. [Cu]: Boyle and Edmond 1975;Boyle et al 1977;Bruland 1980. [Zn]: Bruland et al 1978;Bruland 1980).…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive influences of bioactive trace metals on biological production in oceanic waters

1991

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We present an overview of the oceanic chemistries of the bioactive trace metals, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn; we combine field data with results from laboratory phytoplankton culture-trace metal studies and speculate on the potential influences of these trace metals on oceanic plankton production and species composition. Most field studies have focused on the effects of single metals. However, we propose that synergistic and antagonistic interactions between multiple trace metals could be very important in the oceans. Trace metal antagonisms that may prove particularly important are those between Cu and the potential biolimiting metals Fe, Mn, and Zn. These antagonistic interactions could have the greatest influence on biological productivity in areas of the open ocean isolated from terrestrial inputs, such as the remote high nutrient regions of the Pacific and Antarctic Oceans. The emerging picture of trace metal-biota interactions in these oceanic areas is one in which biology strongly influences distribution and chemical speciation of all these bioactive trace metals. It also seems likely that many of these bioactive trace metals and their speciation may influence levels of primary productivity, species composition, and trophic structure. Future investigations should give more complete consideration to the interactive effects of biologically important trace metals.Biological processes can strongly influence the oceanic chemistries of trace metals, and, in turn, trace metals can influence plankton production and community structure. These interactive influences are particularly important for six metals of the first transition series which are required by phytoplankton for various metabolic functions: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. A deficiency of these "bioactive" trace metals may limit oceanic plankton production (Brand et al. 198 3), and an excess of certain of these same metals may inhibit plankton growth (Brand et al. 1986; Sunda 1988 Sunda -1989.Our knowledge of the oceanic concentrations, distributions, and cycles of trace metals has advanced significantly (see Bruland 1983; Whitfield and Turner 1987). We now know the bioactive trace metals exist at nanomolar (1 Om9 M) to picomolar ( lo-l2 M) concentrations in oceanic waters. In addition, marine chemists have recently advanced their ability to characterize the chemical speciation of these bioactive trace metals in the sea; that is, we can now determine their free ion concentrations and the extent to which certain trace metals interact with organic and inorganic ligands naturally present in oceanic surface waters. Results from laboratory studies on the relationship between dissolved trace metal concentrations and phytoplankton growth have emphasized the importance of the chemical speciation of trace metals in the external milieu of these organisms (Huntsman and Sunda 1980; Morel and MorelLaurens 1983; Sunda 1988 Sunda -1989.As a result of these advances, we now realize that the concentrations of the bioactive metals are much lower and that chemical...

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“…In oceanic oxygen minimum zones, where about a third of marine denitrification takes place (Codispoti et al 2001), total concentrations of copper are low, 0.5-2.0 nM (Danielsson 1980;Saagar et al 1992;Boyle et al 1977;De Baar et al 1985). While these values are higher than dissolved iron in iron-limited areas of the oceans, most copper is organically complexed in the water column (Coale and Bruland, 1990;Moffett and Dupont, 2007 (Theberge et al 1997) implying that most of the copper may be tightly bound in the form of inert sulfide complexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic carbon, and not copper, controls denitrification in oxygen minimum zones of the ocean

Ward

Tuit

Jayakumar

et al. 2008

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

122

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The distribution of dissolved copper in the Pacific

Cited by 356 publications

References 35 publications

The speciation of copper across active gradients in nitrogen‐cycle processes in the eastern tropical South Pacific

The speciation of copper across active gradients in nitrogen‐cycle processes in the eastern tropical South Pacific

Interactive influences of bioactive trace metals on biological production in oceanic waters

Organic carbon, and not copper, controls denitrification in oxygen minimum zones of the ocean

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