The distribution and evolution of climbing plants

Gentry, Alwyn H.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511897658.003

Cited by 454 publications

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“…Contudo, as famílias mais importantes em número de espécies são as mesmas nos dois levantamentos, florístico e fitossociológico, realizados nesta área e em outros levantamentos florísticos realizados em fragmentos florestais, com semelhante tipo de vegetação como os de Rezende (1997) e Morellato & Leitão Filho (1998). Segundo Gentry (1991), este padrão é considerado comum para o Neotrópico, quando se refere às lianas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Estrutura fitossociológica da comunidade de lianas em uma floresta estacional semidecidual na Fazenda Canchim, São Carlos, SP

Hora¹,

Soares²

2002

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Phytosociological structure of a liana community in a seasonal semideciduous forest at Fazenda Canchim, São Carlos, SP). A phytosociological research concerning liana vegetation has been accomplished at Fazenda CanchimEmbrapa/CPPSE. The forest under analysis, which is fragmented in two parts, covers an area of 112 ha, located at 21º57' S and 47º50'W. 75 plots of 10 × 10 m were studied where all liana individuals had at least 2.5 cm in diameter, measured 1.3 m above soil level. Five hundred and twenty eight individuals were found, all of which belonged to 45 species, representing a specific diversity (H') 3.20 nats. Most of the species were among the families Bignoniaceae, Malpighiaceae, Sapindaceae, and Apocynaceae, representing together 71.11% of all samples. The species with higher importance value (VI) was Mansoa difficilis (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum. Most of the sampled individuals were small in diameter and four reached over 10 cm. RESUMO -(Estrutura

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Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A diversidade de lianas em florestas tropicais é um dos principais itens abordados ao se estudar a Flora Neotropical (Putz 1984, Gentry 1991. O índice de diversidade de Shannon (H'), estimado para as espécies de lianas amostradas neste estudo foi de 3,20 nats.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Estrutura fitossociológica da comunidade de lianas em uma floresta estacional semidecidual na Fazenda Canchim, São Carlos, SP

Hora¹,

Soares²

2002

Rev. bras. Bot.

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“…In Seasonal forests of Southeast Brazil, Bignoniaceae presents its main diversity center (Lohmann et al 2013), while in rainforests Asteraceae family increases in importance. The highest richness of Asteraceae family is reported to high altitudes and its great representativeness is driven by Mikania Willd., the sixth world largest genus of climbers (Gentry 1991), that present its main diversity center in the Atlantic forest (Ritter & Waechter 2004). These phytogeographical patterns directly influences the climbing mechanisms and dispersal syndromes patterns over sites, since both families are anemochoric and Asteraceae is predominantly twiner while Bignoniaceae predominantly presents tendrils that coil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Checklist of climbing plants in an Araucaria forest of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Seger

Hartz

2014

Biota Neotrop.

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Climbing plants are remarkable components of forests, highly contributing for the diversity and dynamics of communities. Studies focusing on climbing plants are scarce and for many vegetation types little is known about climbing species composition and their traits relevant for dispersal and establishment. The focus of this study is to provide the first floristic inventory of climbing plants in an Araucaria forest of Brazil, describing the dispersal syndromes and climbing mechanisms of species and comparing these traits and species composition patterns with other study sites in Southern Brazil. We found 104 taxa belonging to 33 families, with Asteraceae (22 spp.) and Apocynaceae (14 spp.) being the richest families. Among climbing mechanisms, stem twiner (50 spp.) is the most common, followed by tendril (20 spp.) and scrambler (12 spp.), while in relation to the dispersal syndromes, anemochoric species (65 spp.) are the most relevant followed by endozoochoric (28 spp.). Three new species registries were found for Rio Grande do Sul State expanding their occurrence range towards South Brazil. The comparison of climbers' survey sites showed two sharp groups in relation to species composition and traits proportion, Seasonal and Araucaria/Atlantic forest sites, but with no difference of traits frequency between sites. There is a predominance of stem twiners species in all sites, but the relative difference for tendril species increases in Araucaria and Atlantic forest sites. The Asteraceae and Apocynaceae families were the most relevant, contrasting to Seasonal forests of Southeast Brazil. Interesting patterns can be achieved with a more detailed classification of climbing mechanisms and the results found in this study contributes to enhance the knowledge on climbers' traits and diversity in South Brazil. Keywords: Lianas, Vines, Climbing mechanisms, Dispersal syndromes, Floristic of climbers. SEGER

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“…Woody c\imbing plants, or lianas (Gentry 1991), gain access to the canopy by ascending over other species, saving the resources used by trees to make self-supporting trunks. Among angiosperms the c\imbing habit has evolved many times over; many genera in unrelated families have c\imbers, and in some families ali or most genera have the c\imbing habit, the case of Aristolochiaceae, Hippocrateaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Smilacaceae, Trigoniaceae and Vitaceae (Gentry 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among angiosperms the c\imbing habit has evolved many times over; many genera in unrelated families have c\imbers, and in some families ali or most genera have the c\imbing habit, the case of Aristolochiaceae, Hippocrateaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Smilacaceae, Trigoniaceae and Vitaceae (Gentry 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and diameter growth of lianas in a semideciduous forest fragment in Southeastern Brazil

1999

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-(Mortality and diameter growth of lianas in a semideciduous forest fragment in Southeastern Brazil). This is a 30-month study of mortality rates and diameter growth rates of lianas in a semideciduous forest fragment in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Results are presented for 484 specimens of lianas, of which 103 experienced individual mortality (21.3 % of the sampled population). Mortality varied according to class of stem diameter, but did not vary throughout the months ofyear, or between seasons or years. Mortality rates were higher than those recorded in other studies, perhaps due to the age of this secondary forest. Stem diameter growth rates were measured for 385 lianas, the survivors after 30 months plus four plants that died just before the final census, and averaged 1.2mm/year, ranging from Ommlyear (Chioeeoea alba) to 4.8mm1year (Acaeia sp.), significantly slower than the known growth rates in tropical trees in other areas.Key words -lianas, mortality, diameter growth, Minas Gerais State, secondary forest RESUMO -(Mortalidade e crescimento em diâmetro de lianas em um fragmento de mata semidecídua no Sudeste do Brasil). É apresentado estudo de 30 meses acerca das taxas de mortalidade e de crescimento em diâmetro de lianas em um fragmento de mata semidecídua em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os resultados mostraram 484 indivíduos de lianas, dos quais 103 morreram (21,3 % da população amostrada). A mortalidade variou com as classes de diâmetro do caule, mas não variou entre os meses do ano, entre as estações do ano, ou entre os anos. As taxas de mortalidade foram mais altas que as observadas em outros estudos, talvez devido à idade da mata secundária. O crescimento em diâmetro dos caules foi medido para 385 lianas, os sobreviventes ao período de 30 meses, e mais quatro plantas que morreram pouco antes da última medição, e foi em média 1,2mm1ano, variando de Ommlano (Chioeoeea alba) a 4,8mm1 ano (Acaeia sp.), significativamente mais lento que as taxas de crescimento em árvores tropicais em outras áreas.

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The distribution and evolution of climbing plants

Cited by 454 publications

References 0 publications

Estrutura fitossociológica da comunidade de lianas em uma floresta estacional semidecidual na Fazenda Canchim, São Carlos, SP

Estrutura fitossociológica da comunidade de lianas em uma floresta estacional semidecidual na Fazenda Canchim, São Carlos, SP

Checklist of climbing plants in an Araucaria forest of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Mortality and diameter growth of lianas in a semideciduous forest fragment in Southeastern Brazil

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