The Distillation of “VISCI”: Towards a Better Identification of Suicidal Inmates

Frottier, Patrick; König, Franz; Seyringer, Michaela; Matschnig, Teresa; Fruehwald, Stefan

doi:10.1521/suli.2009.39.4.376

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[57][58][59][60][61] This study underscores calls for comprehensive screening of prisoners' suicide risk and mental health needs, possibly with the aid of a structured 'suicide checklist' . 15,62,63 Based on our findings, screening instruments should include assessment of individuals' history of psychiatric contact and diagnosis, past self-harming behaviour and current symptoms of psychiatric disorders, especially depression and anxiety disorders. As nearlethal suicide attempters were significantly more likely than controls to have multiple than single psychiatric diagnoses, efficient detection of co-occurring disorders should also be regarded as an important priority.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychiatric disorders in women prisoners who have engaged in near-lethal self-harm: case–control study

et al. 2010

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This research underlines the importance of psychiatric risk factors for suicide in custody and in particular comorbidity. The finding that a formal care plan was in place for most cases at the time of their near-lethal act is indicative of good risk detection, but also suggests high levels of unmet need. Given the potential complexity of their mental health needs, interventions incorporating pharmacological and psychological treatments should be considered for at-risk prisoners.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychiatric disorders in women prisoners who have engaged in near-lethal self-harm: case–control study

et al. 2010

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“…Nevertheless, the finding that only 24 (40%) of the cases were identified as being 'at-risk' for suicide at the time of their attempt indicates that there may be scope for improving detection of those at risk of suicide, perhaps with a structured suicide screening tool. 9,58 Our findings suggest that such an instrument should include questions regarding prisoners' history of psychiatric contact, previous self-harming and suicidal behaviour (especially if this occurred while in prison), and current psychiatric disorders. However, further research is needed to test the predictive value of such a tool and, in particular, to what extent false positives are identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychiatric disorders in male prisoners who made near-lethal suicide attempts: case–control study

et al. 2010

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“…Over half of the tools identified are retrospective studies; as such a major limitation is the inability of the researcher to interview those who have attempted suicide or self-harmed (Rivlin et al, 2013a). Further, there were some study characteristics which could not be located in some of the papers such as age (Blaauw et al, 2001;Frottier et al, 2009); time after reception when administered (Dahle, Lohner & Norbert, 2005;Frottier et al, 2009); and validity and reliability statistics across all 11 studies excluding two (Mills & Kroner, 2005;Perry & Olason, 2009). As a result, it is difficult to present a full picture of how effective the screening tools are without inclusion of this data.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide Screening Tools for use in Incarcerated Offenders: A Systematic Review

Gould¹,

McGeorge

Slade

2017

Archives of Suicide Research

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Wales are not unique in this respectand epidemiological studies show that suicide rates in the prison population are greater than that of the general population . In European countries, the prison suicide rate is approximately 7 times higher than in the community. (World Health Organisation, 2014). Prison suicide rates in North America are also increasing. Government data shows that selfinflicted deaths increased 9% between 2012 and 2013 and account for over a third of deaths in correctional institutes (Noonan & Ginder, 2013). Although self-inflicted deaths in Australian prisons have decreased in recent years, they are still higher than those at liberty (Willis et al. 2016) as are suicides inCanadian institutes (Sapers, 2011).Self-harming, or self-injurious behaviours (SIB) also present a challenge for prisons. Case-control data demonstrate the self-harm rate in English and Welsh prisoners are 5-6% in males and 20-24% of females respectively (Hawton et al., 2014). These behaviours can occur for a number of reasons including; as an attempt to influence the environment, emotional regulation, or as a response to the symptoms of mental illness (Jeglic, Vanderhoff & Donovick, 2005). . They have however been identified as a risk factor for suicide in prison; albeit with a comparatively low absolute risk (Hawton et al, 2014). Whilst suicide risk is regarded as generally heightened during the early stages of custody (Crighton, 2006; Dahle, Lohner & Norbert, 2005) previous self-harm canbe predictive of suicidal ideation for new prisoners (Slade & Edelmann, 2014) In England and Wales, recent priorities outlined in agreements made between the National Offender Management Service (NOMS), Public Health England, and NHS England (2015) indicate a commitment to further improving the approach to managing prisoners at risk of both self-harm and suicide 1 In this paper the term 'prison estate' refers to all institutes used to incarcerate both remand and sentenced offenders.2 ), Given that early identification of suicidal prisoners is considered important to reduce deaths (Blaauw et al, 2001) the use of risk screening tools seems an obvious consideration. However, to date, this approach has proved controversial and met with, at best, limited success (Perry & Olason, 2009 to the attention of mental health professionals after an overt gesture has been made to self-injure (Blasko, Jeglic & Malkin, 2008). Suicide screening tools may be inappropriate for use in settings other than those which they were designed for but have nonetheless been implemented prior to any additional validation (Boudreaux & Horowitz, 2014;Perry et al, 2010). Likewise, In England and Wales a healthcare reception screening tool for use in primary care in both male and female prisons was developed, yet figures for 3 sensitivity and specificity rates pertaining to suicide risk were unavailable (Grubin, Carson & Parsons, 2002). An evaluation study found many institutions to be using an untested but modified version of the tool (Shaw et al, 2008 Suicide Te...

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The Distillation of “VISCI”: Towards a Better Identification of Suicidal Inmates

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Psychiatric disorders in women prisoners who have engaged in near-lethal self-harm: case–control study

Psychiatric disorders in women prisoners who have engaged in near-lethal self-harm: case–control study

Psychiatric disorders in male prisoners who made near-lethal suicide attempts: case–control study

Suicide Screening Tools for use in Incarcerated Offenders: A Systematic Review

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