“…This system has been seen in a wide variety of animals including amphibians (e.g., Krusche, Uller, & Dicke, 2010), birds (e.g., Ain, Giret, Grand, Kreutzer, & Bovet, 2009; Rugani, Cavazzana, Vallortigara, & Regolin, 2013), marine mammals (e.g., Abramson, Hernandez-Lloreda, Call, & Colmenares, 2011), terrestrial non-primate mammals (Baker, Shivik, & Jordan, 2011; Perdue, Talbot, Stone, & Beran, 2012; Vonk & Beran, 2012), and many primates (Beran, 2007, 2008; Hanus & Call, 2007; Lewis, Jaffe, & Brannon, 2005; Cantlon & Brannon, 2006a, 2006b). It is also seen in the discrimination performance of children (Cantlon, Safford, & Brannon, 2010; Cordes & Brannon, 2009; Huntley-Fenner & Cannon, 2000), and adult humans who are prevented from using formal counting routines (Beran, Taglialatela, James, Flemming, & Washburn, 2006; Boisvert, Abroms, & Roberts, 2003; Cordes, Gelman, Gallistel, & Whalen, 2001; Whalen, Gallistel, & Gelman, 1999).…”