“…Consistent with social control theory, research has linked the level of social bonding to involvement in general delinquency, although the magnitude of this association has varied across studies (Agnew, 1993;Akers, 2000;Cernkovich & Giordano, 1992;Elliott, 1994;Hirschi, 1969;Junger & Marshall, 1997;Krohn & Massey, 1980;Liska & Reed, 1985;Paternoster, Sattzman, Waldo, & Chiricos, 1983;Rankin & Kern, 1994;Rankin & Wells, 1990;Simons et al, 1994;Simons, Johnson, Conger, & Elder, 1998;Thornberry, Lizotte, Krohn, Farnworth, & Jang, 1991;Wiatrowski & Anderson, 1987;Wiatrowski, Griswold, & Roberts, 1981). In comparison, little research has focused on school social bonds and school delinquency (D. C. Gottfredson, 2001;Jenkins, 1997;Welsh, 2000;Welsh et al, 1999).…”