The differential mortality at various life stages of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), by infection with the fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis (Deuteromycotina: Coelomycetes)

Fransen, J. J.; Winkelman, K.; Lenteren, J.C. van

doi:10.1016/0022-2011(87)90116-9

Cited by 68 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…At 6 days post oviposition, parasitoids are small, probably 1st instar larvae and still underneath their host (Gerling 1990). Fransen et al (1987) suggested that an increase in survival of a parasitized host treated with an entomopathogen with increasing age of the parasitoid can be caused by a decrease in susceptibility of the last larval instars or pupal stage to fungal infection. El-Sufty and Füh-rer (1981), concluded that the penetration of parasitized larvae at later stages by the entomopathogenic fungus may be more or less diYcult than of unparasitized hosts because of changes in host cuticle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Lecanicillium muscarium on Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

et al. 2008

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Pathogenicity of Lecanicillium muscarium, against Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions to determine if the fungal infection of the whiteXy host can eVect the survival, longevity and fecundity of female parasitoid. The results indicated that the number of parasitized larvae surviving a L. muscarium treatment after 6 days of oviposition decreased with increasing concentrations of L. muscarium and in later stages of development (12 days post oviposition) were not aVected by fungal application. There were no signiWcant diVerences on adult parasitoid survivorship after 7 days among all treatments. Maximum survivorship (73.33%) was observed for control and it was minimum (60%) at 1 £ 10 8 conidia/ml. L. muscarium showed a non signiWcant eVect on longevity and next oVsprings of female parasitoids. The percentage emergence of parasitoids from the whiteXy nymphs produced by the females emerged from treated pupae was almost similar. Maximum emergence (69.77%) was observed at 1 £ 10 6 conidia/ml and it was lowest (61.02%) at conidial concentration of 1 £ 10 8 conidia/ml. Maximum longevity of adult Eretmocerus sp. emerging from whiteXy nymphs when treated after 12 days of postoviposition was observed for 1 £ 10 5 conidia/ml having a mean value of 5 days whereas the lowest longevity was 4.9 days observed at 1 £ 10 8 conidia/ml. The results mentioned above indicate that the interaction among biocontrol agents is positive to a greater extent with minimum risk hazards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Lecanicillium muscarium on Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

et al. 2008

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“…Ramos et al (2000) mention a mortality of 37.7% on the eggs of B. tabaci on the 8th day after the application of B. bassiana. On the other hand, it has been found that the control of T. vaporarium eggs with Aschersonia aleyrodis Webber, 1897 (Fransen et al, 1987) was not efficient, and neither with V. lecanii (Fransen, 1990). For this reason at 1 and 2 days from infection no symptoms were detected on the eggs (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two Entomopathogenic Fungi in Controlling Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis, 1846) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Prado

Iannacone

Gómez

2008

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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A B S T R A C TAleurodicus cocois (Curtis, 1846), the coconut whitefly, is a very damaging pest in Peru, mainly in avocado trees (Persea americana Mill.). It has been determined that entomopathogenic fungi can infect and kill white flies and can be used as biological control agents. The object of this research was to determine if there is any synergic action of the entomopathogenic fungi Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown & Smith 1957 and Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman, 1892) Viégas 1939, in controlling A. cocois. Plastic sterile dishes were prepared where 5 mL 2% agar were used for each stage; leaves infested with A. cocois were placed upon these. Three different treatments were applied by sprinkling: P. fumosoroseus (P), V. lecanii (V) or the mixture of the two fungi. These treatments were evaluated at one, two and seven days in the case of nymph I and eggs, and after four, eight and 12 days for nymph II, NIII and NIV. The lethal effect of V. lecanii on the second nymph instar of A. cocois was better than that of P. fumosoroseus and than the mixture of both fungi; the highest mortality percentage appeared from day eight to day 12. A small increase was observed in the effect of the mixture of the two entomopathogenic fungi on the IV nymph instar, and the effect of P. fumosoroseus was the lowest.

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“…This may be due to the egg chorion invasion form fungal spores which need time to adapt, geminate and penetrate the egg shell. Fransen et al (1987) reported that eggs of T. vaporariorum were not infected by Ascheronia species. The rates of infection for Bemisia life stages were higher under laboratory conditions (Table 4 and 5) even though the infection percentages were low under field conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of suitable microbial agents instead of chemical insecticides has been demonstrated to be promising approach against Bemisia spp. (Hulden, 1986;Fransen et al, 1987;Helyer, 1993;Smith, 1993, Traboulsi, 1994. Apart from reduced environmental and human health hazards, these agents can have the potential of further spread within the pest population, causing an epizootic (Carruthers et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Cladosporium spp. As Promising Biological Control Candidates for Controlling Whiteflies (Bemisia spp.) In Egypt

Abdel-Baky¹,

Arafat²,

.³

et al. 1998

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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Three species of entomopathogenic fungi, Cladosporium uredinicola, C. cladosporioides and C. chlorocephalum were found attacking whiteflies (Bemisia spp.) in Mansoura region, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Their prevalence on Bemisia infesting seven plant hosts varied from 10.0 to 28.0% according to the plant host. The morphology of these three fungi and their infection symptoms is discussed. Attempts were made to initiate artificial infections in different stages of a laboratory culture of Bemisia spp. Results indicated that eggs were infected at a lower percentage (14 to 28%), whereas the hatching rate of eggs recorded a higher percentage (56%). Pathogenicity effect on nymphs and adults were very high (88%) and varied according to the spore concentrations and periods after infection. Laboratory studies revealed that C. uredinicola gave the highest infection percentages, followed by C. cladosporioides and C. chlorocephalum. Light regime studies showed that the three species of the fungus were more aggressive on Bemisia under a diurnal light regime than under continuous darkness.

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The differential mortality at various life stages of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), by infection with the fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis (Deuteromycotina: Coelomycetes)

Cited by 68 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Lecanicillium muscarium on Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Effect of Lecanicillium muscarium on Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Effect of Two Entomopathogenic Fungi in Controlling Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis, 1846) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Three Cladosporium spp. As Promising Biological Control Candidates for Controlling Whiteflies (Bemisia spp.) In Egypt

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