The Different Relationship between Homocysteine and Uric Acid Levels with Respect to the MTHFR C677T Polymorphism According to Gender in Patients with Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

In an elderly population with cognitive impairment, we investigated the association between serum uric acid (sUA) and serum homocysteine (sHcy), known risk factors for cerebrovascular disease. We also investigated the potential effect of the C677T polymorphism in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) to the sUA level in different dementia types. Participants underwent a battery of tests including measurements of sUA, sHcy, folic acid, and vitamin B12 as well as genotyping of the MTHFR locus. Data from 861 subjects (597 females to 264 males) were retrospectively analyzed. Subjects with hyperhomocysteinemia had lower serum folic acid and vitamin B12 and higher sUA than those with normal sHcy. sUA was significantly associated with serum creatinine, HbA1c, and sHcy regardless of gender. The TT genotype was found to be associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in both genders (p = 0.001). The levels of hyperlipidemia, sHcy, and sUA differed according to dementia subtypes. High sUA were associated with hyperhomocystenemia in TT genotype only in dementia with vascular lesion. This study reveals that sUA is positively associated with sHcy. We speculate that the two markers synergistically increase cerebrovascular burden and suggested that dietary intervention for sUA and sHcy would be helpful for cognitive decline with vascular lesion.

Associations of Homocysteine with B Vitamins and Zinc in Serum Levels of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The association between uric acid and serum homocysteine can be explained by hydrolysis of S-adenosyl homocysteine leading to the formation of homocysteine and adenosine, because adenosine is degraded to form uric acid as its end-product (32). In the previous studies, the positive correlation between homocysteine and serum uric acid were observed (33)(34)(35), our results are consistent with these studies. However, there are also previous papers which reported that no correlations were found between serum homocysteine and serum uric acid in patients with gout or with uric acid-lowering treatment (36,37).…”

Serum uric acid concentration is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in hypertensive Chinese adults

“…The study by Kim et al . [11] also found that the serum SUA was higher in subjects with hyperhomocysteinemia in an elderly population with cognitive impairment[11]. However, for patients with hypertension, there are few studies on the correlation between SUA and homocysteine.…”

“…The study of Kim et al . [11] found that serum SUA was higher in subjects with hyperhomocysteinemia in an elderly population with cognitive impairment. However, little attention has been paid to the correlation between SUA levels and hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with hypertension, and the relationship between SUA level and hyperhomocysteinemia remains unclear.…”

Increased serum homocysteine in first episode and drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia: Sex differences and correlations with pathophysiology

“…These inconsistencies in the results may be due to different antipsychotic medications, methods of Hcy measurement, different phases of the disease, nutrient status, and ethnicity. Notably, sex differences in Hcy levels were found in patients with schizophrenia, and also in patients with bipolar disorders [43], and Alzheimer's dementia [44]. However, the exact etiological mechanism underlying the discrepancy in Hcy levels between males and females remains unclear.…”