The Dietary Replacement of Soybean Oil by Canola Oil Does Not Prevent Liver Fatty Acid Accumulation and Liver Inflammation in Mice

Abstract

A high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) is a well-established experimental model of accelerated liver fatty acid (FA) deposition and inflammation. In this study, we evaluated whether canola oil can prevent these physiopathological changes. We evaluated hepatic FA accumulation and inflammation in mice fed with a HCD (72.1% carbohydrates) and either canola oil (C group) or soybean oil (S group) as a lipid source for 0, 7, 14, 28, or 56 days. Liver FA compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography. The mRNA expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) was measured as an indicator of lipogenesis. The mRNA expression of F4/80, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, as mediators of liver inflammation, were also measured. The C group stored less n-6 polyunsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFAs) and had more intense lipid deposition of monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), n-3 PUFAs, and total FAs. The C group also showed higher ACC1 expression. Moreover, on day 56, the C group showed higher expressions of the inflammatory genes F4/80, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as the anti-inflammatory IL-10. In conclusion, a diet containing canola oil as a lipid source does not prevent the fatty acid accumulation and inflammation induced by a HCD.

Linseed oil attenuates fatty liver disease in mice fed a high-carbohydrate diet

“…Based on previous studies ( 5 , 7 , 11 , 14 ), we determined that 56 days of the diet is sufficient to induce NAFLD. This period also allows for the evaluation of the preventive or attenuating effects of L10 or L100 ( 5 ).…”

“…In addition to the HCD-C, L10, and L100 groups, we included a group of mice of the same age (six weeks old) as the other groups that was euthanized before initiating the experimental protocol (day 0). This fourth group served as a reference for the detrimental liver effects of HCD ( 7 , 11 , 14 , 22 ) and the potential beneficial impact of L10 and L100, as we have shown previously ( 5 , 22 ).…”

“…Additionally, we have examined its effects on systemic inflammation (12,13). Our findings demonstrated that the replacement of conventional lipid sources with canola oil does not prevent HCD-promoted liver FA deposition and inflammation (14). Furthermore, we have reported that the myristic acid:docosahexaenoic acid ratio is a better biomarker of liver inflammation than the omega 6:omega 3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) ratio (15).…”