The Development of the Concept of Reactive Psychoses

Strömgren, Erik

doi:10.1159/000284480

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is also compatible with the Scandinavian tradition. In contrast to K. Schneider [2], the Scandinavian concept of schizophrenia, often referred to as 'nuclear schizophrenia' or 'process schizophrenia' [31], is narrower because it usually considers schizophrenia as a chronic disorder, separate from reactive psychoses [4,32].…”

Section: Impact Of Negative Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, K. Schneider's [2] dichotomous classification was criticised for example by Strömgren [3] because K. Schneider [2] did not mention the concept of reactive psychoses, which was seen as an own entity separated from schizophrenia. Strömgren [4] claimed that these psychoses should be separated strictly from schizophrenia because there are great differences between them, not only with regard to the clinical picture but also prognosis and required treatment. In contrast to schizophrenia, reactive psychoses are usually not associated with a chronic course.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Descriptive Validity of ICD-10 Schizophrenia: Empirical Analyses in the Spectrum of Non-Affective Functional Psychoses

et al. 2003

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In order to examine the descriptive validity of ICD-10 schizophrenia, 1,476 consecutively admitted in-patients were included in the present study. ICD-10 schizophrenia (n = 951) was compared with other non-affective psychotic disorders [persistent delusional disorders (n = 51), acute and transient psychotic disorders (n = 116) and schizoaffective disorders (n = 354)] with respect to sociodemographic, symptomatological and other clinical parameters. Analyses revealed that it is possible to distinguish schizophrenia from other non-affective psychotic disorders according to ICD-10 criteria: schizophrenic patients were characterised by more pronounced negative symptoms and a lower global functioning. They were younger than patients with persistent delusional disorders and schizoaffective disorders but older than patients with acute and transient psychotic disorders. The results are in line with a high descriptive validity of ICD-10 schizophrenia and highlight the importance of negative symptoms for this diagnosis.

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Section: Impact Of Negative Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Descriptive Validity of ICD-10 Schizophrenia: Empirical Analyses in the Spectrum of Non-Affective Functional Psychoses

et al. 2003

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“…Furthermore, 'paranoia', Kraepelin's term for psychoses with mere delusional symptoms, was also associated with an unfavourable course. However, based on the experience that some cases with prominent psychotic symptoms typical for 'dementia praecox' are associated with a favourable course typical for 'manic-depressive insanity', Kraepelin's classification was expanded by concepts such as 'schizoaffective psychosis' [3], 'schizophreniform psychosis' [4], 'cycloid psychosis' [5,6] or 'reactive psychosis' [7,8]. In spite of several differences, all these diverse concepts aimed at the delimitation of benign psychotic disturbances with a remitting course from chronic schizophrenic disorders [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Functional Psychoses and Its Implication for Prognosis: Comparison between ICD-10 and DSM-IV

Jäger

Bottlender²,

Strauss³

et al. 2004

Psychopathology

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Background: The aim was to examine the agreement and differences between ICD-10 and DSM-IV in the classification of functional psychoses. Sampling and Methods: In a sample of 218 first-hospitalised patients, ICD-10 diagnoses were compared with DSM-IV diagnoses. Functional psychoses of both diagnostic systems were classified into the four diagnostic groups schizophrenia, transient/episodic psychoses, delusional disorders and affective disorders. Based on information from a 15-year follow-up, it was examined which course is associated with each diagnostic group. Results: Although in ICD-10 there was a higher frequency of schizophrenia and a lower one of affective disorders, a high agreement between ICD-10 and DSM-IV (kappa value of 0.82) was found. In both diagnostic systems, transient/episodic psychoses and affective disorders were mainly associated with a non-chronic course and schizophrenia was mainly associated with a chronic one. Nevertheless, several patients with transient/episodic psychoses showed a chronic course (ICD-10: 10%, DSM-IV: 15%) and more than one third of patients with schizophrenia a non-chronic one (ICD-10: 40%, DSM-IV: 33%). Conclusions: In the cross-sectional assessment, there is a high diagnostic agreement between ICD-10 and DSM-IV. With respect to the long-term course, the delimitation of transient/episodic psychoses from schizophrenia was neither completely achieved by ICD-10 nor by DSM-IV.

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“…This condition, at the extreme psychotic boundary of the bipolar spectrum, continues to challenge nosologists [38]. It overlaps with the French concept of 'bouffée délirante' [39] and the Scandinavian rubric of 'reactive psychosis' [40][41][42][43][44]. The newly proposed DSM-11I-R criteria [37] divide it into bipolar and de pressive subtypes.…”

Section: Episodic Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathology, Temperament, and Past Course in Primary Major Depressions

et al. 1989

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In reviewing recent findings on affective conditions in the interface of unipolar and bipolar disorders, we find evidence favoring a partial return to Kraepelin’s broad concept of manic-depressive illness, which included many recurrent depressives and temperamental variants. This review addresses methodologic, clinical, and familial considerations in the definition and characterization of a proposed spectrum of bipolar disorders which subsumes episodic and chronic forms. Episodic bipolar disorders are subclassified into bipolar schizoaffective, and bipolar I and II, and bipolar III or pseudo-unipolar forms. Chronic bipolar disorders could be either intermittent or persistent, and are subclassified into chronic mania, protracted mixed states, and rapid-cycling forms, as well as the classical temperaments (cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and dysthymic).

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The Development of the Concept of Reactive Psychoses

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

On the Descriptive Validity of ICD-10 Schizophrenia: Empirical Analyses in the Spectrum of Non-Affective Functional Psychoses

On the Descriptive Validity of ICD-10 Schizophrenia: Empirical Analyses in the Spectrum of Non-Affective Functional Psychoses

Classification of Functional Psychoses and Its Implication for Prognosis: Comparison between ICD-10 and DSM-IV

Psychopathology, Temperament, and Past Course in Primary Major Depressions

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